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PRE HISTORIC TIMES
- Periodization of Indian Pre History
- Sources of Pre History
- Palaeolithic Or Old Stone
- Mesolithic Or Middle Stone Age
- Neolithic Age Or New Stone Age
- Chalcolithic Age
- Major Chalcolithic Cultures
- Early Iron Age
- Geographical Distribution and Characteristics
INDUS VALLEY CIVILIZATION
- IVC Geography and Archaeological Findings
- Major cities
- Town Planning
- IVC Society and Culture
- Script and Language
- Crafts
- Religions
- Seals and Images
- IVC Economy
- Harappan Trade
- Agriculture
- Domestication of animals
- Weights and Measures
- Decline of Harappan Culture
RIG VEDIC PERIOD
- Sources for Reconstructing Vedic Society and Culture
- Geography of the Rig Vedic Period – Area of Settlement
- Political Organisation and Evolution of Monarchy
- Social Organization
- Economy
- Religious Practices and Culture
LATER VEDIC PERIOD
- Geography of the later Vedic Phases – Area of Settlement
- Political System
- Social Organisation and Varna System
- Economy
- Religious Practices and Culture
JAINISM
- Birth and Life of Mahavira (540- 468 B.C.)
- Teachings of Mahavira
- Organisation and Sects of Jainism
- Literature of Jainism
- Councils, Spread and Royal Patrons
BUDDHISM
- Birth and Life of Buddha (563-483 BC)
- Teachings of Buddha
- Organisation and Sects of Buddhism
- Literature of Buddhism
- Councils, Spread of and Royal Patronage
- Causes for the Decline
MAHAJANAPADAS PERIOD
- Republics and Monarchies
- 16 Mahajanapadas
- Magadha
- Key Dynasties
- Haryanka dynasty
- Shishunaga Dynasty
- Nanda Dynasty
- Persian Invasions
- Alexander’s Invasion
- Society and Rise of urban centres
- Economy
- System of Administration
MAURYAN EMPIRE
- Sources: Inscriptions and Sites and
Literary Sources (The Arthasastra) - Rulers and Political History of the Mauryas
- Chandragupta and Bindusara
- Megasthenes
- Asoka and His Successors
- Asoka’s Inscriptions and Sites
- Asokan Reign
- Asoka and Buddhism
- Asoka Policy of Dhamma
- Mauryan Administration
- Foreign Relations
- Decline of the Mauryas
POST-MAURYAN INDIA
- Society: Evolution of Jatis
- Satavahanas
- Sungas and Kanvas
- Sakas
- Kushanas
- Kanishka
GUPTA PERIOD
- Sources of Gupta Rule
- Rulers and Political history of Guptas Chronology
- Foreign Travellers Visit – Fahien’s Visit
- Gupta Administration
- Other Important Dynasties
- Society Religion and Culture
- Urban centres in Gupta period
- Economy
- Science and Technology
- Literature
- Later Guptas
- Other Important Dynasties
HARSHAVARDHANA PERIOD
- Harsha Military Conquests
- Harsha and Buddhism
- Administration
- Society and Culture
- Economy
SANGAM PERIOD (SOUTH INDIAN DYNASTIES)
- Sangam Literature
- South Indian Dynasties
- Cholas
- Cheras
- Pandyas
- Sangam Polity, Society and Culture
- Economy of Sangam Period
- Foreign Dynasties
- Commercial Contacts with the Outside World
- Schools of Art
MAJOR DYNASTIES (750-1200) OF EARLY MEDIEVAL INDIA
- The Pratiharas (8th to 10th Century)
- The Palas (8th to 11th Century)
- The Tripartite Conflict
- The Senas (11th to 12th Century)
- The Rajaputas
- Pallavas
- Chalukyas
- Rashtrakutas
- Indian Feudalism
- Administration
- Society and Culture
- Economy and the decline of Trade
CHOLAS AND OTHER SOUTH INDIAN KINGDOMS
- Chola Rulers and Political History
- Chola Administration
- Socio-Economic Life
- Education and Literature
- The Cheras (9th to 12th Century)
- The Yadavas (12th to 13th Century)
- Contact with South-East Asia
EARLY MUSLIM INVASIONS
- The Arab Conquest of Sindh
- Mahmud of Ghazni
- Muhammad Ghori
THE DELHI SULTANATE (1206-1526 AD)
- Slave Dynasty
- Khalji Dynasty (1290-1320 AD)
- Tughlaq Dynasty (1320-1414 AD)
- Provincial Kingdoms and Resistance
by Indian Chiefs - Sayyid Dynasty
- Lodi Dynasty
- Attacks by Mongolas and other Turks
- Administration
- Economy
- Urbanization
- Society and Culture
- Scientific Knowledge and legal System
- Challenges leading to the decline of the Sultanate
STRUGGLE FOR EMPIRE IN NORTH INDIA (AFGHANS, RAJPUTS AND MUGHALS)
- Struggle between Ibrahim Lodi and Babur
- The Battle of Panipat
- Babur’s problems after the Battle of Panipat
- Struggle with RanaSanga
- Problems of the Eastern Areas and the Afghans
- Babur’s Contribution and Significance of his Advent into India
- Humayun and the Afghans
- Early Activities of Humayun, and the Tussle with Bahadur Shah
- The Gujarat Campaign
- The Bengal Campaign, and Struggle with Sher Khan
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE NORTH INDIAN EMPIRE
- Social and Political Background of Bihar and the Rise of Sher Shah to Power
- The Sur Empire (1540-56)
- Contributions of Sher Shah
- Coinage
- Architecture
CONSOLIDATION AND EXPANSION OF THE EMPIRE – AKBAR
- Conflict with the Afghans – Hemu
- 2nd Battle of Panipat
- Struggle with the Nobility: Bairam Khan’s Regency; Revolt of Uzbek Nobles
- Early Expansion of the Empire (1560-76) – Malwa, Garh-Katanga, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Eastern India
- Relations with the Rajputs – Growth of a Composite Ruling Class
- Rebellions, and Further Expansion of the Empire in the North West
STATE AND GOVERNMENT UNDER AKBAR
- Akbar’s Concept of Suzerainty
- Structure of Government, Central and
Provincial -the Vikalat, the Central Ministries, Provincial - Government, District and Local Government
- The Working of Government – the Ruler, Land-Revenue System, the Dahsala System, the Mansabdari System and the Army
AKBAR’S RELIGIOUS VIEWS
- Relations with the Ulama and Social Reforms
- The Early Phase (1556-73)
- The Second Phase (1573-80) – the Ibadat Khana
- Debates – the Mahzar – Breach with Orthodox
- Ulama – Re-organisation of Madadd-i-Maash Grants
- Third or Final Phase – Din-i-Ilahi – State
- Policies and religious toleration
THE DECCAN AND THE MUGHALS (UP TO 1657)
- The Deccani States up to 1595
- Mughal Advance towards the Deccan
- Mughal Conquest of Berar, Khandesh and Parts of Ahmadnagar
- Rise of Malik Ambar Mughal Attempt at Consolidation (1601-27)
- Extinction of Ahmadnagar,Acceptance of Mughal
- Suzerainty by Bijapur and Golconda
- Shah Jahan and the Deccan (1636-57)
- Cultural Contribution of the Deccani States
FOREIGN POLICY OF THE MUGHALS
- Akbar and the Uzbeks
- The Question of Qandahar and Relations with Iran
- Shah Jahan’s Balkh Campaign
- Mughal – Persian Relations – the Last Phase
INDIA IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY
- Jahangir’s Accession – his Early Difficulties
- Territorial Consolidation and Expansion of the Empire – Mewar, East India and Kangra
- NurJahan, and the NurJahan ‘Junta’ The Rebellions of Shah Jahan,
and the coup de main of Mahabat Khan - Jahangir as a Ruler
- State and Religion in the First Half of the Seventeenth Century
- Shah Jahan – Consolidation and Expansion of the Empire
- Evolution of the Mughal Ruling Class and the Mansabdari System
CLIMAX AND CRISIS OF THE MUGHAL EMPIRE: THE MARATHAS AND THE DECCAN
- Rise of the Marathas – Early Career of Shivaji
- Treaty of Purandar – the Agra Visit
- Aurangzeb and the Deccani States (1658-87)
- Marathas and the Decean (1687-1707)
- Assessment of Aurangzeb and the Jagirdari Crisis
THE MARATHA AND OTHER INDIAN STATES AND SOCIETY IN THE 18TH CENTURY
- The Marathas and their Policy of Expansion
- The Marathas and Nizam-ul-Mulk
- The Maratha Advance into Gujarat and Malwa
- The Maratha Advance into Doab and Punjab:
- First Phase (1741-52); Second Phase (1752-61);
- Third Battle of Panipat
- Shivaji (1627-1680)
- Shivaji’s administration
- Successors of Shivaji
- The Peshwas (1713-1818)
- Other Indian States ( The Bhonsles The Gaikwads Holkars Sindhias)
- Economic Condition in 18th Century
- Social and Cultural Life
VIJAYANAGAR EMPIRE
- Sources
- Political History
- Administration
- Social and Cultural Life
- Economic Condition
- Conflicts with the Bahmani Kingdom
REGIONAL STATES IN THE MEDIEVAL PERIOD
- Regional States of North and South India (Bahmani, Bengal, Avadh, The Sikhs, Rajput States Jats Hyderabad Mysore)
- Social and Cultural Conditions
- Economic Conditions
- Military Conditions
NORTHERN INDIA IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY
- Bahadur Shah I, and the Beginning of the Struggle For Wizarat
- Rajput Affairs
- Marathas and the Deccan – Accentuation of the Party Struggle
- Struggle for ‘New’ Wizarat: Zulfiqar Khan and Jahandar Shah (1712-13)
- The Saiyid Brothers’ Struggle for ‘New’ Wizarat
- The Saiyid ‘New’ Wizarat
- The Wizarat of M. Amin Khan and Nizam-ul-Mulk
- Rise of Regional States, Beginning of Foreign Invasions of India (1725-48)
SOCIETY-STRUCTURE AND GROWTH
- Rural Society
- Towns and Town Life
- Artisans and Master-Craftsmen
- Women
- Servants and Slaves
- Standard of Living
- The Ruling Classes – Nobility, Rural Gentry
- The Middle Strata
- The Commercial Classes
ECONOMIC LIFE-PATTERNS AND PROSPECTS
- Inland Trade
- Overseas Trade – Role of Foreign Trading
- Companies – Position of Indian Merchants Over-land Trade
- The Mughal State and Commerce
- Trend of India’s Economy and Prospects during the First Half of the Eighteenth Century
THE ADVENT OF EUROPEANS IN INDIA
- The Portuguese in India
- De Almeida
- Albuquerque
- Causes of failure of Portuguese empire in India
- The Dutch in India
- The Danes in India
- The English
- The French
- Anglo-French Rivalry
- First Carnatic War
- Rise of the Hyderahad State
- The Second Carnatic War
- The Third Carnatic War
- Causes of English Succes
BRITISH EXPANSION IN INDIA
- Bengal
- Anglo Maratha Wars
- The Subsidiary Alliance System
- Second Phase of British
Expansion In India - The Conquest of Sindh
- Anglo-Sikh Wars
- Doctrine of Lapse
- Annexation of Oudh
ADMINISTRATION BEFORE 1857
- The Dual System
- The Charter Acts
- Judicial System
- Impact of British Administration
ECONOMIC POLICIES OF THE BRITISH
- Phase of Mercantilism (1757-1813)
- Phase of Free Trade (1813-1858)
- Phase of Finance Imperialism (1858 onwards)
- Land Revenue Policy
- Ryotwari
- Mahalwari
- Permanent Settlement
- Impact of British Policy on Indian Economy
- Drain of Wealth Theory
IMPACT OF BRITISH ADMINISTRATION
- Industrialization—Ruin of Artisans and Handicrafts men
- Impoverishment of Peasantry
- Emergence of New Land Relations, Ruin of Old Zamindars
- Stagnation and Deterioration of Agriculture
- Commercialization of Indian Agriculture
- Development of Modern Industry
- Rise of Indian Bourgeoisie
- Economic Drain
- Famine and Poverty
- Nationalist Critique of Colonial Economy
- Abolition of the Dual System
THE REVOLT OF 1857
- Causes of the Revolt
- Economic Causes
- Political Causes
- Administrative Causes
- Socio -Religious Causes
- Influence of Outside Events
- Discontent Among Sepoy’s
- Centres and Spread of the Revolt
- Leaders of the Revolt
- Causes of Failure of the Revolt
- Nature and Impact of the Revolt
- Consequences
ADMINISTRATIVE CHANGES AFTER 1857
- Administration – Central, Provincial, Local
- Changes in the Army
- Public Services
- Princely States
- Foreign Policy
DEVELOPMENT OF CIVIL SERVICES
- Indian Civili Services Act, 1861
- Aitcision Comminittee on Public Services (1886)
- Montford Reforms (1919)
- Lee Commission (1924)
- Government of India Act, 1935
DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION
- Charter Act of 1813
- Orientalist-Anglicism Controversy
- Efforts of Thomson
- Wood’s Dispatch (1854) Hunter Education Commission (1882-83)
- Indian Universities Act, 1904
- Government Resolution on Education Policy—1913
- Saddler University Commission (1917-19)
- Education Under Dyarchy
- Hartog Committee (1929)
- Wardha Scheme of Basic Education (1937)
- Sergeant Plan of Education
- Kothari Education Commission (1964-66)
- Development of Vernacular Education
- Development of Technical Education
- Evaluation of British Policy on Education
DEVELOPMENT OF PRESS
- Different Publications and Journals
- Acts related to Press
- Vernacular Press Act, 1878
- Struggle by Early Nationalists to
Secure Press Freedom , - During and After the First World War
- During the Second World War
- After Independence
SOCIO-RELIGIOUS REFORMS
- Factors causing Reforms
- Directions of refroms
- Hindu Reform Movements
- Reform Movements Among Muslims
- Sikh Reform Movement
- Parsi Reform Movement
- Parsi Religious Reform Association
- Significance of Reform Movements
- Impact of Reform Movements
PERSONALITIES
- Raja Ram Mohan Roy
- Swami Vivekananda
- Swami DayanandaSaraswati
- Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
- Keshab Chandra Sen
- Sri Ramakrishna Paramhamsa
- Mahadev Govind Ranade
- Annie Besant–Theosophical Society
- Syed Ahmad Khan
- Baba Dayal Das
- Pandita Ramabai Sarojini Naidu
- Jyotiba Phule
- Dr.Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar
PEASANT, TRIBAL AND OTHER MOVEMENTS
- Tribal Movements
- Bhil Uprising
- Kol Uprising
- Santhal Rebellion
- Jaintia and Garo Rebellion
- Rampa Rebellion
- Munda Rebellion
- Khonda Dora Uprisings
- Tana Bhagat Movement
- Peasant Movements
- Champaran Satyagraha
- Kheda Peasant Struggle
- Bardoli Movement
- Moplah Rebellion
- Tebhaga Movement
- Telangana Movement
REVOLUTIONARY NATIONALISM
- Early Phase Indian National Congress
- The Moderate Congress (1885-1905)
- Opinion Against Economic Exploitation Administrative Reforms Constitutional Reforms : Weaknesses & Evaluation
- The Extremist (1905-1920)
- Terrorist Movements
- The Revolutionary Movement
- Reasons for Failure
- Revolutionary Activities in Maharashtra
- Revolutionary Activities in Bengal
- Revival of Revolutionary Nationalism
- Surya Sen
- Revolutionary Activities Outside India
- The Indian Independence Committee in Berlin
- Differences between the Moderates and the Extremists
INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT – I (1905-1918)
- Partition of Bengal (1905)
- Swadeshi Movement
- Muslim League, 1906
- Surat Session of INC, 1907
- Indian Council Act (Morley-Minto Act) 1909
- Ghadar Party, 1913
- Komagata Maru Incident 1914
- The Lucknow Pact (1916)
- Home Rule Movement (1915–1916)
- August Declaration, 1917
INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT –II (1918-1929)
- World War I-Reforms and Agitation
- Champaran Satyagraha (1917)
- Ahmadabad Mill Strike (1918)
- Kheda Satyagraha (1918)
- The Government of India Act, 1919
- Rowlatt Act and Jallianwala Bagh
Massacre (1919) - Khilafat Movement
- The Non-Cooperation Movement (1920-22)
- Bardoli Resolution
- Nagpur Session of Congress
- Swaraj Party and its Evaluation
- Muddiman Committee (1924)
- Simon Commission (1927)
- Bardoli Satyagraha (1928)
- Nehru Report (1928)
- Jinnah’s Fourteen Points
- Lahore Session, 1929
- Allahabad Address (1930)
INDIAN NATIONAL MOVEMENT – III (1930-1947)
- Civil Disobedience Movement (1930-1931)
- First Round Table Conference, 1930
- Gandhi-Irwin Pact, 1931
- Karachi session of 1931
- Second Round Table Conference, 1931
- Civil Disobedience Movement (Second-Phase)
- Third Round Table Conference (17 November 1932)
- Communal Award
- Poona Pact, 1932
- Government of India Act, 1935
- World War II and Indian Nationalism
- Resignation of Congress Ministers (1939)
- Poona Resolution and Conditional Support to Britain (1941)
- August Offer of 1940
- The Individual Civil Disobedience
- Two-Nation Theory
- Demand for Pakistan (1942)
- Cripps Mission (1942)
- Quit India Movement
- Azad Hind Fauj
- Indian National Army
- N.A. Trials
- I.N. Rebellion
- Rajagopalachari Formula, 1945
- Desai – Liaqat Pact
- Cabinet Mission (1946)
- Wavell Plan
- Jinnah’s Direct Action Resolution
- Mountbatten Plan of June 1947
- Indian Independence Act 1947
GOVERNOR GENERALS DURING BRITISH INDIA
- Governor of Bengal (Before 1773)
- Governor Generals of Bengal (1773-1833)
- Governor Generals of India (1832-1858)
- Viceroy and Governor Generals of India (1858-1947)
LIST
- Robert Clive (1754-1767)
- Lord Warren Hastings (1773-1785)
- Lord Cornwallis (1786-1793)
- Sir John Shore (1793-1798)
- Lord Arthur Wellesley (1798-1805)
- Lord George Barlow (1805-1807)
- Lord Minto-I (1807-1813)
- Francis Rawdon Hastings (1813-1823): (Marques of Hastings)
- Lord Amherst (1823-28)
- Lord William Bentinck (1828-1835)
- Sir Charles Metcalfe (1835-1836)
- Lord Auckland (1836-1842)
- Lord Ellenborough (1842-1844)
- Lord Hardinge-I (1844-1848)
- Lord Dalhousie (1848-1856 great imperialist and colonist)
- Lord Canning (1856-1857 and 1858-1862)
- Lord Elgin-I (1862-1863)
- Lord Lawrence (1864-1869)
- Lord Mayo (1869-1872)
- Lord Northbrook (1872-1876)
- Lord Lytton (1876-1880)
- Lord Rippon (1880-1884)
- Lord Dufferin (1884-1888)
- Lord Lansdowne (1888-1894)
- Lord Elgin-II (1894-1999)
- Lord Curzon (1899-1905)
- Lord Minto-II (1905-1910)
- Lord Hardinge-II (1910-1916)
- Lord Chelmsford (1916-1921)
- Lord Reading (1921-1926)
- Lord Irwin (1926-1931)
- Lord Willingdon (1931-1936)
- Lord Linlithgow (1936-1944)
- Lord Wavell (1944-1947)
- Lord Mountbatten (1947-1948)
CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA
- Regulating Act 1773
- Pitts India Act of 1784
- Charter Act of 1793
- Charter Act of 1813
- Charter Act of 1833
- Charter Act of 1853
- Government of India Act 1858
- The Indian Councils Act 1861
- Indian Councils Act 1892
- Indian Councils Act 1909 or Morley – Minto Reforms Government of India Act 1919 or Montague – Chelmsford Reforms
- Government of India Act 1935
- Indian Independence Act, 1947
CHALLENGES BEFORE INDIA AFTER INDEPENDENCE
- Communal Riots and Regions most affected
- Partition and then Independence: Punjab, Bengal and Assam, Sindh
- Radcliff Commission and challenges before boundary commission
- Radcliff Commission and its composition
- Drawbacks of Commission
- Division of sources
- Finances
- Defence personnel and equipment
- Civil government
- Assassination of Gandhi
- Resettlement and Rehabilitation of Refugees
- Shift to Constitutional Democracy
THE INDIAN STATES
- Policy of Equal Federation (1935-1947)
- Plan of consolidation
- Integration of Princely States: Junagadh, Kashmir and Hyderabad
- Aftermath of Integration
- Goa and Pondicherry
- Tribal Integration
- Roots of India Tribal Policy
- Reasons for dismal performance of Tribal Policy
- Positive Development happened due to state’s Initiative since 1947
- Issue of language
- The Official Language
- Features of Official Language Act
FRAMING OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA
- Evolution of the Constitution and main provisions
- Steps to the Constitution
- Constitutional Developments
- The Indian Constitution: Main Provisions
- The Constituent Assembly
- Formation of the Constituent Assembly
- Compulsions and Issues in front of Assembly
FROM COLONY TO DEMOCRACY
- Challenge of building democracy
- Challenges before ECI and conduction of first general election
- Starting of one party dominance
- Dominance of Congress System
- Nature of Congress Dominance
- 1967 elections
- Split in the Congress
- Emergence of Opposition Parties
- Role of opposition parties
- Various opposition parties
ECONOMIC CONSOLIDATION
- Economic Development and Planning
- Ideas of Development
- Planning
- Formation of Planning Commission
- First five year plan
- Second five year plan
- Achievements of Plans from 1947 to 1965
- Key controversies regarding 5 year plans
- Green Revolution
- Prevailing Conditions before the introduction of Green Revolution
- Initiatives prior to Green Revolution to boost Agriculture
- Government’s other positive initiative during Green Revolution Period
- Positive and negative impact of Green Revolution
- Operation Flood and Cooperatives
- Formation of Amul
- Starting and impact of Operation Flood
- Limitations of Co-operativization
- Development of land reforms in India between 1947 and early 1960’s
- Abolition of intermediaries
- Tenancy reforms
- Ceiling on land holdings
- Bhoodan Movement
- Aims and advantages of Bhoodan movement
INDIA’S EXTERNAL RELATIONS
- Evolution of India’s Foreign Policy
- Strategic Issues
- Features of Indian Foreign Policy
- Emergence of NAM and its Summits
- Organizational structure & membership
- India and its neighbours
- India and China
- India and Pakistan (Indo-Pak War, Kargil War, Shimla Agreement, Tashkent Declaration and Agra Summit)
- India and Bangladesh (Creation of Bangladesh)
- India and Sri Lanka
- India with Nepal and Bhutan
- India’s relations with USA and USSR during cold war
- Analysis of Nehruvian Foreign Policy
THE CRISIS OF DEMOCRATIC ORDER
- The JP movement and Emergency 1975-77: Testing of Indian democracy tested
- Background to emergency (Economic context, Gujarat and Bihar movements, Conflict with Judiciary)
- Declaration of emergency (Crisis and Response)
- Controversies regarding emergency
- Lessons from emergency
- Politics after Emergency (LS elections 1977 and Janata Party)
- The Opposition: Initial years of BJP
- The Naxalite Movement
- Communalism
- Secularism and democracy
- Ayodhya dispute: Demolition and after
- Communalism and use of state power
- Revival and growth of communalism
- Anti-muslim riots in Gujarat
- The Punjab Crisis
- Operation Blue Star
- Demand of Khalistan
- Basis of Regionalism: Politics in the states
- Roots of tension
- Challenges of Regionalism
- Tamil Nadu (Dravidian Movement), Andhra Pradesh, Assam, West Bengal and J&K (external and internal disputes)
- Secessionist movement in North-Eastern states
- Accommodation and National Integration
POPULAR MOVEMENTS
- Nature of Popular Movements
- Environment Movements
- Chipko Movement
- Narmada Bachao Andalon (Sardar Sarovar Project, Debates and struggles)
- Party based Movement and Non-party based movements
- Caste, Untouchability, Anti-caste politics and strategies
- Issues of Dalit
- Dalit panthers: Origin and their activities
- Agrarian Struggles
- Bharatiya Kisan Union: Growth and its characteristics
- National Fish Worker’s Forum
- Anti-Arrack Movement: Origin and its linkage
- Indian Women since Independence
- Lesson from popular movements
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN INDIAN POLITICS
- Context of the 1990s
- Era of Coalition
- Decline of Congress
- Alliance politics
- Political Rise of other Backward Classes
- Mandal Implemented: The Mandal Commission
- Political fallouts
- NEP-1991, LPG policy, Tax reforms, Privatisation, Globalisation and ICT
- Nuclear policy
- Emergence of new consensus
- LS Elections 2004
- Terrorist troubles and relations with Pakistan
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
- Decline of feudalism
- Beginning of Renaissance
- Pre-industrial Europe
- Factors that led to industrial revolution and its Impact
FRENCH REVOLUTION
- Causes of the revolution in France
- France under Napoleon
- Impact and Significance of revolution
NATIONALISM IN EUROPE
- Rise of the nation- state system
- Unification of Italy and Germany
COLONIALISM AND IMPERIALISM
- Colonialism and its Analysis
- The age of Imperialism (1870-1914)
- Imperialism in Asia
EMERGENCE OF USA
- Foundation of American Colonies
- The Independence of USA
- The American Revolutionary War and its impact
- Political Effects of the Revolution
- How did the American Revolution influence the French Revolution?
WORLD WAR-I
- Causes and Course of the war
- Consequences of World War I
- Aftermath of World War I
- League of Nations
RUSSIAN REVOLUTION
- Major events in pre-revolution Russia
- Causes and Course of revolution
- Consequences and Aftermath of the war
- Post-Lenin Russia
INTER-WAR YEARS (1919 TO 1939)
- The Great Depression- an economic perspective
- Rise of Fascism in Italy & Nazism in Germany
- Soviet Union (USSR)
WORLD WAR- II
- Causes &Course of the war
- Aftermath &Analysis of the war
- Decolonization Phase
DEVELOPMENT IN MIDDLE EAST
- Democratic reforms in Middle East
- Arab nationalism
- Israel and Palestine
COLD WAR ERA
- Impact in India
- Indian Policy
POST COLD-WAR WORLD
- Global issues since 1991
- Integration of Europe
- Rise of global Islamic terrorism
- Rise of China
COMMUNISM, SOCIALISM AND CAPITALISM
- Capitalism (concept, types and example)
- Communism (concept, types, example)
- Relevance of capitalism in present era
CULTURE AND HERITAGE OF INDIA
- Aims and objectives of performing arts and their development through various stages.
- Utility of performing arts during the ancient and the medieval period.
- Appreciate the contribution of classical dances, folk music as well as folk dances in Indian culture and Challenges faced by performing Arts
- Development of drama through various phases in India and recognize the contribution of folk theatre
- Examine the importance of the three art forms in the development of human personality.
- Religious and secular Art in India
MUSIC
- Evolution of Indian Music
- Contribution of Some personalities : Amir Khusro, Mohammad Shah
- Hindustani Music evolution, features and impact
- Carnatic Music evolution, features and impact
- Hindustani and Carnatic music differences and similarities
- Regional music and its impact
- Modern Music
DANCE
- Tracing Evolution of Dance (Rig Veda, Harappa, Nataraja)
- Classical Dances of India, their evolution and Theme
- Well known Classical dancers of India.
- Themes in Indian folk dances
DRAMA
- Introduction ( Natyashastra)
- Evolution of Drama in India
- Various texts relating to Drama period wise (ex Mahabhasya, mrichhakatika)
- Famous Modern Dramas and Dramatists.
LANGUAGES & LITERATURE
- Vedic Literature
- Tamil language and Sangam Literature
- Classical languages : Evolution & impact on society
- Trends in Medieval Literature
- Modern Indian Literature
ARCHITECTURE IN INDIA
- Architectural Style of Harappan Civilisation
- Influence of Buddhism and Jainism on Indian architecture
- Stupas, Chaityas and Viharas
- Impact of Persian and Greek invasion on Indian culture
- Mauryan Architecture (322-182 BC)
- Post Mauryan Architecture
- Gandhara and Mathura school of Art
- Cultural development during Gupta Age
- Temple Architecture and Sculptures
- Nagara and Dravida Styles
- Early Temples
- Rock Cut temples
- Monolithic Temples
- Free Standing Temples
- Pallavas as great temple builders
- Emergence of Nalanda as centre of learning
- Medieval Period architecture
- Delhi Sultanate
- Regional Kingdoms ( Mandu, Jaunpuretc)
- Vijaynagara Architecture
- Mughal Architecture
- Indo Islamic Architecture
- Colonial Architecture
- Utility of Architectural structures today and in Past
- Conservation and Preservation of Architectural Structures
- Spread of Indian Culture to Southeast Asia
BRONZE SCULPTURES IN INDIA
- Harappan “Dancing Girl”
- Jain Tirthankaras Bronze Images
- Buddha bronze Images (ex Guptas and Vakatakas)
- Pala school of Art (Bronze images, Manuscripts)
- Pallava Bronze Images
- Chola Bronzes
- Nataraja
PAINTINGS IN INDIA
- Prehistoric Rock Paintings
- Ancient Period
- Murals Paintings
- Bagh Caves
- Sittanavasal Paintings
- Armamalai caves
- Medieval Period
- Pala school of miniature paintings
- Mughal miniature paintings (synthesis of Indian and Persian style)
- Role of Akbar and his successors
- Development of Pahari, Rajput and Deccan Paintings
- Theme of paintings in Medieval period
- Modern Period
- Bengal school of Art
- Renaissance or revivalist painting
- Madras School of Art
- Decorative Art
- Madhubani
- Kalamkari
- Kalighat
- Warli
- Pattachitra
- Theme of decorative paintings in India
- Theatre Forms of India
- Significance of Traditional folk theatre in India
- Different forms of traditional folk theatre in India
- Sanskrit theatre in India
- Challenges faced by theatre in India
- Puppet forms in India
- Themes of puppetry in India
- Forms of Puppetry
- Religious Philosophies
- Buddhism and its impact
- Jainism and its impact
- Sufism and its impact
- Vedanta Philosophy
- Bhakti Traditions
POLITY
- Reorganisation of States
- Emergency in India
- Linguistic Regionalism in India.
- Lok Sabha Elections 2014 and 2018.
ECONOMY
- Agriculture since 12th five year plan
- Industry since 12th five year plan
- New Economic Policies and its Impact
SOCIAL ISSUES RELATED TO VULNERABLE SECTION
- Tribal Issue and Policy Consolidation
- Issue of Women and Evolution of Women Movement
- Agrarian Struggles
- Problem of Caste and Social Consolidation
- Communalism Secularism and Social Consolidation
- Regionalism Issues in India
- Issue of Linguistic Minorities
- Environmental Movements
GENERAL GEOGRAPHY
- Universe
- Theories of evolution of Universe
- Star Formation
- Formation of planets
- Earth Evolution& Basics
- Evolution of Earth
- Evolution of Atmosphere
- Evolution of Hydrosphere
- Earth’s Geological time scale
- Origin of life
- The Earth’s Movements-Revolution and Rotation and Seasons
- Inclination of the Earth’s Axis and its ffects
GEOMORPHOLOGY
- Earth’s Interior
- Sources of Information about the Interior (Direct Sources, Indirect Sources – Earth Quake Wave, Volcanoes)
- Structure of the Earth’s Interior
- Mechanical and Chemical categorization of internal structure
- Geology and Rock System
- Minerals
- Major Elements of the Earth’s Crust
- Physical Characteristics
- Classification –
- Rocks ( Aggregate of Minerals )
- Classification
- Igneous
- Sedimentary
- Metamorphic
- Rocks & landforms
- Rocks & Soils
- Geomorphic Processes
- Endogenic Forces
- Diastrophism
- Orogenic
- Epierogenic
- Earthquakes
- Plate movements
- Volcanism
- Exogenic Forces
- Denudation Processes
- Weathering & its Significance
- Mass movements & their impact
- Erosion Transportation & Deposition
- Endogenic Forces
- Earthquakes and Volcanism
- Earthquakes: Reasons, Distribution & impact
- Volcanism
- Types and distribution of Volcanoes
- Volcanic Landforms (intrusive)
- Distribution of Continents & Oceans
- Theories
- Continental Drift Theory
- Convectional Current Theory
- Mapping of the Ocean Floor
- Sea Floor Spreading
- Plate Tectonics
- Isostasy
- Theories
- Landforms and their evolution
- Causesof landform development
- Geomorphic Processes
- Geomorphic Agents
- Geomorphic Agents and Landforms
- Running Water
- Development of a river System
- Erosional Landforms
- Depositional Landforms
- Ground Water (Karst Topography)
- Erosional Landforms
- Depositional landforms
- Glaciers
- Erosional Landforms
- Depositional Landforms
- Waves and Currents
- Winds
- Erosional Landforms
- Depositional Landforms
- Landforms across the world
- Rivers and lakes
- Mountain and Peaks
- Plateaus
- Causesof landform development
OCEANOGRAPHY
- Hydrosphere
- Water on the Surface of the Earth
- Hydrological Cycle
- Submarine Relief Features
- Relief of the Ocean floor
- Divisions of the ocean floor
- Minor relief features
- Temperature and Salinity
- Temperature of the Ocean Water
- Factors affecting Temperature distribution
- Horizontal and Vertical Distribution
- Salinity of the Ocean Water
- Factors affecting salinity
- Horizontals distribution of salinity
- Vertical Distribution of salinity
- Density of Ocean Waters
- Movements of Ocean Water
- Factors influencing Movement
- Waves
- Motion of waves
- Characteristics of wave
- Tides
- Types of Tides
- Importance of Tides
- Ocean Currents
- Characteristics of Ocean Currents
- Types of ocean currents:
- Major Ocean currents of the World
- Effects of Ocean Currents
- Marine Resources
- Surface water resources
- Ground water resources
- Inland water resources
- Oceanic Water Resources (Marine Resource)
- Utilization of oceans by man
- Water consumption patterns
- Water Conservation and Management (Techniques)
- Ocean Deposits and Corals
- Terrigenous Deposits
- Volcanic Deposits
- Biotic deposits
- Abiotic Deposits
- Coral Reefs
- Probable origin of Coral Reef
- Types and significance of Coral Reef
- Issue of Coral Bleaching
CLIMATOLOGY
- Atmosphere
- Composition of the Atmosphere
- Structure of the Atmosphere
- Solar Radiation, Heat Balance and Temperature
- Solar Radiation and Isolation
- Heating and cooling of atmosphere
- Terrestrial Radiation
- Heat Budget of the Planet Earth
- Temperature
- Factors Controlling Temperature Distribution
- Distribution of Temperature
- Atmospheric Circulation and Weather Systems
- Atmospheric Pressure
- Vertical variation of pressure
- Horizontal distribution of pressure
- World Distribution of Sea Level Pressure
- Factors affecting the velocity and direction of the Wind
- General Circulation of the Atmosphere – Pattern of Planetary Winds
- Latitudinal Variation of Atmospheric
Heating - Emergence of Pressure Belts
- Hadley Cell , Ferrel Cell, Polar Cell
- Seasonal Wind
- Local Wind
- Land and Sea Breezes
- Mountain and Valley Winds
- Air Mass, Fronts, Cyclones and Jet Stream
- Air mass & fronts
- Cyclones
- Thunderstorms
- Tornadoes
- Water in the Atmosphere
- Water Vapour
- Humidity – Absolute and Relative
- Saturation – Dew Point
- Evaporation and Condensation
- Dew
- Frost
- Fog & Mist
- Clouds
- Precipitation
- Rainfall
- Snowfall
- Sleet Hail
- Hailstones
- Types of Rainfall
- World Distribution of Rainfall
- Climatic Zones of the World
- World Climate
- Koeppen’s Scheme of Classification of Climate
- Climatic Zones of World
BIO-GEOGRAPHY
- Soil & Its Characteristics
- Soil Characteristics
- Factors Responsible for Soil Formation
- Process of Soil Formation
- Soil Profiles and Horizons
- Classification of Soil
- Soil Degradation, Erosion and Conservation
- Vegetation resources
- Types of natural vegetation
- Forests
- Significance of forests
- Factors of forest development
- Classification of forests
- forest cover
- Grasslands
- Desert vegetation
- Tundra Vegetation
- Deforestation
- Conservation of forests
- Reforestation
- Afforestation
- Forestry
- Social forestry
- Agro-forestry
- Farm Forestry
- Community Forestry
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA
- Physiography of India
- Location
- Geopolitical Significance of India
- Geological Divisions
- The Peninsular Block
- The Himalayas and other Peninsular Mountains
- Indo-Ganga-Brahmaputra Plain
- Physiographic Divisions
- Drainage System
- Drainage Patterns
- Drainage System of India
- Himalayan Drainage System
- River Systems of Himalayan Drainage
- Indus river system
- Ganga River System
- Brahmaputra river system
- Peninsular Drainage System
- River Systems of Peninsular Drainage
- Small Rivers Flowing Towards East and West
- Climate
- Factors influencing the climate of India
- Monsoon
- Mechanism of the Monsoon
- Classical Theory
- Modern theory
- Air mass theory
- Jet stream theory
- ELNINO and LANINA & their impact
- The rhythm of Seasons
- The cold weather season
- The hot weather season
- The southwest monsoon season
- The retreating monsoon season
- Climatic Regions of India
- Soils in India
- Classification of Soils
- Soil textures
- Issue of Soil degradation & Soil Erosion
- Soil Conservation
- Natural Vegetation
- Types of Forests in India
- Forest Cover in India
- Forest Conservation
- Forest Problems in India
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
- Floods and Droughts
- Forest fires
- Deforestation
- Desertification
- Pollution
- Climate Change and Global Warming
BASICS OF ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY
- Definition, Development and scope of Economic Geography
- Type of Economic Activities
- Primary Activities
- Secondary Activities
- Tertiary, Quaternary and Quinary Activities
- Recent Themes and Concepts in Economic Geography
- Agglomeration Economies
- Neo-liberalism
- Rise of macro regional Economic block
- Ethnicity in Economic Geography
- Concept of digital divide
RESOURCE
- Land Resource
- Land-use Pattern and changes
- Problems of Land Resources:
- Land Degradation: Causes and Impact
- Concept of Land Degradation Neutrality
- Land Use Planning and Policy
- Water Resources
- Extent of Water Resources
- Water Resource Potential of India
- Utilization and related problems (Pollution)
- Inter- state water disputes in India
- Water management, conservation and Development
- National Water Policy
- Mineral Resources
- Types of Mineral Resources
- Distribution Pattern of Minerals in World
- Major Mineral Belts of India
- Problems related to mining
- Conservation of Mineral Resources
- National Mineral Policy, 2019
- Energy resources
- Classification of Energy Resources
- Distribution and production trend of major energy Resources
- Coal
- Petroleum
- Natural gas
- Strategic Oil Reserves
- Exploration of Coal Bed Methane
- Non-Conventional Energy Resources
- Solar Energy
- Wind Energy
- Geothermal
- Nuclear Energy Resources: Challenges and prospects in India
- Recent Debates on Resources
- Geopolitics of Natural Resources
- Globalisation and Unsustainable exploitation of natural resources
- Depletion of natural resources versus Economic Growth
- Changing Pattern of Land Use and Causes
- Water Crisis: Causes, Conflicts and Resolution
- Energy Crisis
- Challenges and constraints faced by coal sector
- Challenges in Hydropower sector
- Renewable Energy: way toward sustainability
- Energy Security: Energy Policy and strategy in India
AGRICULTURE
- Agriculture Basic Terminologies
- Cropping pattern
- Agriculture Productivity
- Agriculture Intensity
- Land capability
- Location of agriculture
- World Agriculture Typologies
- Salient features of Indian Agriculture
- Problems of Indian Agriculture
- Factor Affecting Agriculture
- Geographical factors
- Institutional factors
- Technological factors
- Major Crops and conditions for growth
- Regionalization of Agriculture
- Various Revolutions in Agriculture Sector
- Green Revolution
- Impact of Green Revolution
- Evergreen Revolution
- White Revolution
- Operation Flood
- Blue Revolution
- Green Revolution
- Agricultural Policies and Initiatives
- Minimum Support Price: Benefits and Challenges
- Agriculture Market Produce Committees: Issues
- National Agriculture Market (NAM)
- Agricultural Produce and Livestock Marketing (Promotion and Facilitating) Act (APLM), 2017
- National Livestock Mission
- National Programme for Bovine Breeding and Dairy Development (NPBBD)
- Rashtriya Gokul Mission
- Agriculture Export Policy, 2018
- Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN)
- Pradhan Mantri Annadataaay Sanrakshan Abhiyan (Pm-Aasha)
- Operation Greens
- Dairy Processing & Infrastructure Development Fund (DIDF)
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Infrastructure Development Fund (FIDF).
- Agriculture Census
- Food Security
- Nature of Food Insecurity: Duration, Severity and types
- Trend and Pattern in Food Insecurity
- Causes and Geography of famine
- Key Dimension of food security
- Efforts and Remedies to ensure food security
- Agricultural in Discussion
- Controversy over GM Crops: Benefits and Issues
- Impact of climate Change on Agriculture
- Evergreen Green Revolution for Sustainable Livelihood
- Rainbow Revolution
- Blue Revolution: Impact on Rural Economy
- Climate Smart Agriculture
- Need of Agriculture Diversification
- Mixed farming: Hedging Agriculture Risks
- Problems and Prospects of dry-zone agriculture
- Plantation Agriculture: Issues involved
- Challenges of increasing Agriculture Productivity and Production
- New ‘White Revolution’: Need, Scope and Challenges
- Contract Farming: Benefits and Challenges
- Role of infrastructural and institutional
factors in the recent transformation of Indian agriculture - Impact of advanced agricultural technologies on the Environment
- Soil Health Card scheme and rationalisation of fertilizer subsidies
- Food Security: India’s Vulnerability and way-out
INDUSTRY
- Classification of Industries
- Factors affecting location of Industries
- Weber’s Model of Industrial Location
- Losch theory of Profit Maximization
- Various Industries: Location, Prospects and Challenges
- Iron and Steel Industry
- Textile Industry
- Jute Industry
- Auto Mobile Industry
- Fertilizer Industry
- Agro-based Industries
- Other Industries
- Industrial Regions and its Characteristics
- Major Industrial Regions of the World
- Industrial Regions of India
- Industrial Policies and Development
- A Scheme for Promotion of Innovation, Rural Industry and Entrepreneurship
- Scheme of Fund for Regeneration of Traditional Industries
- Stand Up India
- Fourth Industrial Revolution
- Role of Industrial development in minimizing regional inequalities
- Problems of Industrial regions
- Factors behind the growth and present location pattern of automobile industry in India
- Pharmaceutical industry: Locational pattern and reasons
- Sugar industry: Problems and challenges of current pattern
- Food Processing Industry: Untapped Potential
- Agro based Industries: Problems and Prospects
- Impact of agro-based industries on cropping pattern
- Tourism: Prospects and Impact on Environment
TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION
- Land Transport
- Roads
- Classification of roads
- National Highway Grid
- Problems and Prospects
- Bharatmala Pariyojana
- Railways
- Significance and Problems of Indian Railways
- Dedicated Freight Corridors
- Privatisation of Railways
- Pipelines
- Significance, Distribution and Challenges
- Water Transport
- Inland: National Waterways
- Factors affecting Inland waterways
- Significance and Challenges
- Jal Marg Vikas Project
- Seaways and Oceanic Route
- Shipping
- Major Ports of World and India
- Challenges in Port Development
- Sagarmala Project
- Air Transport
- National Airways
- National Civil Aviation Policy
- Regional Connectivity Scheme (UDAN)
- International Airways
- Communications
- Communication Infrastructure
- National Telecom Policy
- Major Issues in Transport and Communication
- Role of Transport in Regional Development
- Need for holistic transport planning to improve the city’s mobility
- Carbon footprint of the transport sector
- Road Transport: Investment Challenges
- Inland Waterways: Development challenges and prospects
- Ports: Inclusive centres of economic development
- Problem of Pot Development
- Analysis of Sagarmala Project
- Environmental issues of maritime shipping
- Role of Transport in Regional Development
- Eco Tourism: Way toward Responsible Tourism
- Trade
- World Trade Pattern
- Major Oceanic Trade Routes
- Basis of Overseas Trade
- Types of International Trade
- Bilateral Trade
- Multilateral Trade
- Various Organisation Related to International Trade
- Regional Trade Blocks
- Foreign Trade: India
- Trends in India’s Foreign Trade
- Composition Indian Trade
- Direction of India’s Foreign Trade
- Trade Pattern and Policies
- Changing Pattern of India’s foreign trade
- Challenges and prospects of foreign trade of India
- Impact of trade liberalisation on the geographical distribution of industries
- Neo-liberal reforms in Africa: Race of India and China
- National Airways
- Inland: National Waterways
- Roads
DEMOGRAPHY AND CENSUS WORLD & INDIA
- Concept of human resources
- Factors affecting the distribution of Population
- Population growth
- Theories of Population Growth
- Malthusian Theory
- Marxian Theory
- Demographic transition theory
- Optimum Population Theory
- Size, growth rate and distribution of population
- Components of Population growth
- Theories of Population Growth
- Demographic Dividend
- Demographic Window of Opportunity
- Components of Population change
- Birth Rate
- Death Rate (Mortality Rate)
- Migration
- Factors responsible for migration
- Type of Migration
- Issues related to migration
- Migration pattern in world and India
- World Migration Report, 2018
- Population Composition
- Age Sex Pyramids & their significance
- Trends and Pattern in Sex Ratio
- Initiatives to improve Sex ratio
- Trends and Patterns in Literacy
- Government’s Efforts
- Fertility Rate
- Impact of Population Change
- Population Policies
- Need for revision of National Population Policy
- Population problems
- Global Nutrition Report, 2018
- Global Hunger Index
SETTLEMENTS AND URBANIZATION
- Rural Settlements
- Classification of Rural Settlements
- Function of Rural Settlements
- Patterns of Rural Settlements
- Changing Pattern of Rural Settlements
- Urban Settlements
- Origin of Urban Settlements- Functional Classification of Towns
- Urbanization
- Indian Mega Cities
- Central Place Theory
- Primate City
- Morphology of Indian Cities
- Conurbations
- Urban Slums
- Rural Urban Fringe
- Rural Urban Continuum
- Issues related to Urbanization in India
- Habitat – III Conference
- Schemes
- Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana or Housing for All Scheme
- Smart City Initiative
- AMRUT (Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation)
- HRIDAY (Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana)
REGIONAL PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
- Concept of Region
- Types of Regions
- Issues of Regional Imbalances
- Strategies for Regional Development
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
- Growth v/s Development
- Approaches to Human Development
- Human Development Index
- International comparisons of Human Development
- World Development Report, 2019
- Human Development Report
UPSC SYLLABUS
- Indian Constitution- historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure
- Separation of powers Fundamental Rights, Preamble, DPSP, Fundamental Duties, etc.
- Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other countries
- Salient features of RP Act.
HISTORICAL UNDERPINNING
- Constitution: Why and How?
- Historical Background
EVOLUTION
- Constituent Assembly and its vision of future
- Making of the Constitution
- Constitution as a living document
- Democracy and diversity
- Outcomes of democracy
- Crisis of Democratic order
- National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution
- Comparison of the Indian Constitutional scheme with that of other countries
FEATURES
- Sources of the Constitution
- Salient features of the Constitution
- The Philosophy of the Constitution
- System of Government: Parliamentary & Presidential System
- Role of Convention under the Constitution
- Comparison between Judicial Review and Parliamentary Supremacy
AMENDMENTS
- The Constitution Amendment of the Constitution
- Keshvananda and Bharti Case Judgement
- 42nd and 44th Amendment to the Constitution
- The Constitution (103rd Amendment) Act, 2019 (124th Constitution Amendment Bill) to provide 10% reservation in government jobs and educational institutions to the economically weaker sections (EWS)
- (125th Amendment) Bill, 2019
SIGNIFICANT PROVISIONS
- Preamble of the Constitution
- Debate : Is Preamble part of the Constitution and its amendment
- Citizenship
- National Register of Citizens
- Fundamental Rights
- Rule of Law
- Procedure Established by Law vs Due Process of Law
- Exceptions to Fundamental Rights
- Amenability of Fundamental Rights
- Rights following from other provision of the Constitution
- Major Debates/ Issues around Fundamental Rights:
- Limitations upon the Freedom
- Freedom of Press and Censorship
- Free Speech: Rights & Limits and Hate speech
- Data protection: Privacy Vs. Innovation
- RTI amendments
- Sedition-Law- Comprehensive public discussion regarding Section 124A of the Indian Penal Code 1860
- Right To Information Act 2005.
- Defamation-Should it be decriminialised
- ‘Living wills’/ Euthanasia
- Restriction on the entry of women in places of worship
- Reservation in India – Explained in Layman’s Terms
- Reservation in promotion
- Aadhaar and Privacy issues
- Constitutionality of article 35A
- Directive Principles of the State Policy
- Scope of DPSP: Economic and SocialDemocracy
- Implementation of Directives
- Conflict between Fundamental Rights and role of judiciary in harmonizing them
- Challenge of implementing Uniform civil code
- Fundamental Duties
- Union Territories
- Chief Minister Vs Lieutenant Governor: Rules, Rights and Responsibilities
- Special Status of Jammu and Kashmir
- Kashmir Unrest
- Special Provisions for some States
- Scheduled and Tribal areas
- Official Language
- Reasons for the 58thAmendment
MAJOR DOCTRINES
- Doctrine of Basic Structure of the Constitution
- Doctrine of Harmonious Construction
- Doctrine of Eclipse
- Doctrine of Pith and Substance
- Doctrine of Incidental or Ancillary Powers
- Doctrine of Colourable Legislation
- Doctrine of Severability
- Doctrine of Territorial Nexus
- Doctrine of Laches
PRESSURE GROUPS AND FORMAL/INFORMAL ASSOCIATIONS AND THEIR ROLE IN THE POLITY
- Pressure Groups
- Popular Struggles and Movements
- Rise of Popular movements
ELECTION & THE REPRESENTATIVES OF PEOPLE’S ACT
- Political Parties
- Criminalisation of politics
- Freebies Politics in India
- Issues Related to the Working of Political Parties
- Inner Party Democracy
- Significance of Strong Opposition in Democracy
- Elections
- Role of Civil Society in Free and Fair Election
- What is Tactical Voting and Proportional Representation?
- What is Absentee Ballot?
- Voting Behaviour
- Election Laws
- Representation of People (Amendment) Bill 2010- Voting rights to NRI
- Introduction of NOTA
- Bill on Right to Recall Legislators
- Electoral reforms
- Demand For A Hybrid Electoral System
- Simultaneous Elections
- About Paper Trail units
- Election Funding (Electoral bonds) Corporate funding laws
- State Funding in elections
- Women voices in elections
- Law Commission Report on Electoral Reforms
- Anti-Defection Law
- Anti-Defection Law: Is it time for reconsideration?
DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES AND THE DEVELOPMENT INDUSTRY
- The role of NGOs
- NGOs and Development/ Crackdown on NGOs
- Accountability and transparency in NGOs
- SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders
MAJOR ISSUES
- Dalit assertion and Politics of reservation
- Should India spend more on science or Social welfare?
- Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act 2005
- Agrarian crisis: Issues in farmer economy
- Issues related to Social Media
- Media freedom and Responsible reporting
- Marital rape
- Section 377: Constitutionality Vs Morality
- Legalising Sports Betting In India
MECHANISM, LAWS, INSTITUTIONS AND BODIES CONSTITUTED FOR THE PROTECTION AND BETTERMENT OF THESE VULNERABLE SECTIONS
- Special Provisions relating to Certain Classes
- Muslim Personal law: Polygamy/ Triple talaq
- Scheduled and Tribal Areas
- SC/ST Act judgment: Protecting the innocent or diluting the Protection?
UPSC SYLLABUS
- Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States
- Issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure
- Devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
- Parliament and State Legislatures – structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.
- Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive
- Ministries and Departments of the Government
- Structure, organization and functioning of the Judiciary
- Dispute redressal mechanisms and institutions
ISSUES AND CHALLENGES PERTAINING TO THE FEDERAL STRUCTURE
- Union and its territory
- Formation of state and Altercation of boundaries
- Nature of Federal System
- Peculiar features of Indian federalism
- A Critique of the Federal System
- Challenges of Nation building
- Challenges Of Special Status State And Problems
- Demand for New states: Gorkhaland, Nagalim, Vidharbha, Purvanchal etc.
- Era of One-Party dominance
- Regional aspirations
- Emergency Provisions
- Imposition of President Rule
- Fundamental Rights during Emergency
- Conversion of state to UT unilateraly by centre-A constitutional question
STRUCTURE, ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONING OF THE UNION EXECUTIVE
- President
- President of India – Discretionary Powers- Imposition of President’s rule
- Is President a mere Rubber Stamp
- Vice President
- Prime Minister
- Central Council of Ministers
- Cabinet Committees
STRUCTURE, ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONING OF THE STATE EXECUTIVE
- Governor
- Provisions related to removal of Governor (Article 156)
- Discretionary Powers
- Politicization of the Post of Governor
- Chief Minister
- State Council of Ministers
PARLIAMENT
- Parliament
- Sessions of Parliament: Adjournment, Prorogation, Dissolution etc.
- Lacunas in Parliamentary Functioning in India
- When Does a Bill Lapse in Indian Parliament?
- Types of Majorities Used in the Indian
- Election to Rajya Sabha: The Procedure.
- Relevance of Rajya Sabha
- Government Budgeting: Indian Budget for
- Budget Documents Made Simple: Key to Budget Documents.
- Cut Motions: Policy Cut, Economy Cut, and Token Cut.
- Misuse of Ordinance promulgation power
- Office of the Speaker: Powers and Issues
- Issue related to office of profit
- Breach Of Privilege: Special privileges to MP’s and its implications
- Parliamentary Committees
- Parliamentary Committees in Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha.
- Diminishing importance of parliamentary committees
STATE LEGISLATURE
- State Legislature
- Full statehood to Delhi: Should it be granted or not?
- Relevance of Council of State
FUNCTIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE UNION AND STATES
7th Schedule
SEPARATION OF POWER
- Power Sharing
- Centre-State Relations
- Inter-State Council vs National Development Council.
- Separate State Flag in Karnataka
- NITI Aayog: The new ‘think-tank’ to replace Planning Commission.
- Foreign Policy
- States demand a say in Foreign Policy?
DISPUTE REDRESSAL MECHANISMS AND INSTITUTIONS
- Inter-State Relations
- Inter-state River Water Dispute
- Inter-state Councils
- Parliamentary Forums
- Parliamentary Groups
- Administrative Tribunals
- National Integration
DEVOLUTION OF POWERS AND FINANCES UP TO LOCAL LEVELS AND CHALLENGES THEREIN
- Local Governments
- Nagaland Reservation in Urban Bodies
- Education Qualification made mandatory for contesting Local Government Elections
- Panchayati Raj and PESA 1996
- Municipalities
- in Municipalities in Sync with Urban Development Missions
STRUCTURE, ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONING OF THE JUDICIARY
- Higher Judiciary Appointments
- Collegium system and issues.
- Collegium Vs. NJAC
- CJI removal
- Judicial Review
- Judicial Activism
- Judicial activism and judicial Overreach
- Judicial Accountability & RTI Act
- Public Interest Litigation
- Advocates (Amendment) Bill, 2017 Controversy
- National Litigation Policy
- Other Judicial Issues
- All India Judicial Services
- Proposal for National Court of Appeal
- Judicial Pendency
- Judicial Reforms
- Problems with Tribunals, Problems arising out of sidestepping the HC
- Alternate Dispute Redressal (ADR)
- Major Judgements of Supreme Court
- RIGHT TO CONVERT-the Supreme Court’s judgement regarding a person’s right to choose a religion, Issue of Religious Conversion in India,
- Reservation in promotion, Argument in favour of reservation in promotion, Argument against the reservation in promotions
- Supreme Court judgement on Caste, Religion in Polls
- Validity of Aadhaar but with certain caveats
- Cauvery River Verdict
- Concept of Defamation in India
- Should the SC proceedings be live streamed?
UPSC SYLLABUS
- Pressure groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity
- Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation
- Development processes and the development industry the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders
- Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability
- E-governance-applications, models, successes, limitations, and potential
- Citizens Charters, transparency & accountability and institutional and other measures
- Role of civil services in a democracy
- Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions and responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies
- Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies
GOVERNANCE
- Concept of Good Governance
- Issues Concerning Governance
- Right Based Approach in Policy Making
- Public Policy Making and Policy Implementation
- How to Establish Good Governance
TRANSPARENCY & ACCOUNTABILITY
- Right to Information
- Information sharing and transparency in government
- RTI and Official Secret Act: Who’s winning and why Judiciary wants to remain isolated
- Citizen’s Charters
- Benefits of Citizen Charter
- Citizen Charter in India: An Evaluation
- Problems Faced in Implementing the Charters
- Steps to improve Citizen Charters
- Indian Approach to Citizen Charter: Sevottam Model
- Administrative Reforms Commission’s Seven Step Model for Citizen Centricity
- Right to Service
- Extent of regulations and openness of media and social networking sites
- K. Visanathan Committee On Hate Speech
- Role of MEDIA in bringing Transparency and Accountability
- Social Media and Accountability
- E-Governance
- Role of E-Governance in bringing Transparency and Accountability
- Major E-Governance Projects and challenges in their implementation
- Role of civil services in a democracy
- Linkage of Civil Services and Democracy
- Debate on Lateral Entry in Civil Services
- Relation between Civil Servants and Political Executives
- Performance Appraisal System in Bureaucracy
- Reforms Needed In Indian Bureaucracy
- Codes of Ethics and Code of Conduct
- Paid news abuse by social media a poll menace
- Model code of conduct
- Utilization of Public funds
- Significance of Public Accounts Committee
- Challenges of corruption and incompetence
REGULATORY STRUCTURE AND GOVERNANCE REFORMS
- Functions and responsibilities of various Bodies
- Analysis of Autonomy and functioning of CAG, CBI, CVC and NHRC
- Lokpal and rise of Ombudsman era: a critical evaluation of journey traveled so far
- State and operational effectiveness of Local governments in India
- Corporate Governance in India – Why is it so critical
- Police Reforms in India
- Curb On VIP Culture
- Prison Reforms in India
- Improving Governance In Public Systems
DEVELOPMENT PROCESSES AND THE DEVELOPMENT INDUSTRY
- Role of Self Help Group in Development
- Shortcomings and Recommendations to Improve Self Help Group
- Role and functions of NGOs in the Development
- Challenges Faced by NGOs in India
- Issue of Fund Mismanagement
- Role of Microfinance Institutions in Development Process
- Issues Related to Microfinance Institutions and Recommendations
- Role of Foreign aid in Development
- The role and function of pressure groups in India
- Changing Pattern of Pressure Group Politics in India
SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
- Concept of Human Development
- Economic Growth and Human Development: Two-Way Link
- Measurement of Human Development
- Understanding Poverty
- Dimensions of Poverty
- Linkage between Poverty and Development
- Recommendations of Rangarajan Committee Report
- Poverty Alleviation Strategy Since Independence
- Programmes for Poverty Alleviation
- Concept of Inequality
- World Inequality Report 2018: Findings of the Report
- Income Inequality in India
- Recommendations to Reduce Inequality
- HUNGER
- Manifestations of Hunger and its causes
- Challenges to Food Security
- Global Hunger Index Report, 2018
- Recommendations
- Institutional Measures for Welfare of Vulnerable Sections
- Issues Related to the Weaker Sections & Vulnerable groups in India
- Constitutional Provisions for the Welfare of Society
- Institutional Measures for the Welfare of the Society
- Issues with the Institutional Mechanisms
- HEALTH
- Public Health System of India
- Shortcomings of the Healthcare Sector
- Urgency of achieving Universal Health Coverage
- Evaluation of SWACHH BHARAT MISSION
- Global Nutrition Report 2018
- Initiatives Taken In Health Sector : Ayushman Bharat
- National Health Policy
- EDUCATION
- Challenges of Education sector in India
- Right to Education and Challenges to EWS Children
- Initiatives by Government
ROLE OF CIVIL SERVICES IN A DEMOCRACY
- Concept of civil services
- Need for civil services
- Different role of civil services
- Law making
- Policy formulation
- Policy implementation
- Policy evaluation
- Civil services as protector of democracy
- To protect minorities (religious and linguistic)
- To promote Inclusive and sustainable
growth - Various Reforms in Civil Services
PRESSURE GROUPS AND FORMAL/INFORMAL ASSOCIATIONS AND THEIR ROLE IN THE POLITY
- What are pressure groups?
- Types of pressure groups
- Significance of pressure groups in India
- Differentiate between a pressure group and a political party
- Evaluation of pressure groups role
APPOINTMENT TO VARIOUS CONSTITUTIONAL POSTS, POWERS, FUNCTIONS AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF VARIOUS CONSTITUTIONAL BODIES
- Appointment of CAG (procedure of appointment)- composition of CAG
- Functions and responsibilities of CAG
- Powers and privileges of CAG (provided by constitution and different Acts of Parliament.)
- Appointment of ECI (procedure of appointment)- composition of ECI
- Functions and responsibilities of ECI
- Powers and privileges of ECI (provided by constitution and different ACTs of Parliament)
- Appointment to UPSC (procedure of appointment)- composition of UPSC
- Functions and responsibilities of UPSC
- Powers and privileges of UPSC (provided by constitution and different ACTs of Parliament.)
- Appointment to Finance commission (procedure of appointment)- composition of Finance commission
- Functions and responsibilities of Finance commission
- Powers and privileges of Finance commission (provided by constitution and different ACTs of Parliament.)
- National commission for SCs and STs.
STATUTORY, REGULATORY AND VARIOUS QUASI-JUDICIAL BODIES
- SEBI, CVC, CBI, Planning Commission NDC, PMO
- TRAI, IRDA
- National Human Rights Commission
- State Human Rights Commission
- Central Information Commission
- State Information Commission
- National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission
- Medical Council of India
- Pension Fund Regulatory and Development Authority
- Biodiversity Authority of India
- Press Council of India
- Forward Markets Commission
- Inland Waterways Authority of India
- Role of CAG
- 14th Finance Commission: Analysis
- 7th Pay Commission Report and Repercussions
- AFSPA and Second ARC
- Inter-State River Water Dispute: Cauvery dispute
- Role of Niti Aayog
RECENT BILLS & ACTS
- 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act
- Fugitive Economic Offenders Bill, 2018
- Triple Talaq Ordinance
- Citizenship (Amendment) Bill
- Draft Emigration Bill, 2019
- Consumer Protection Bill, 2018
- Prevention of Corruption (Amendment) Act, 2018
- Lokpal & Lokayukta Amendment Act, 2016
- The Right of Children to Free & Compulsory Education (Amendment) Act, 2019
- Data (Privacy & Protection) Bill, 2017
- The Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Bill, 2016
- The Indian Institute of Information Technology (Amendment) Bill , 2017 (autonomy of institutes)
ELECTIONS
- Criminalization of Politics
- Issues Related to the Working of Political Parties
- Enact Strong Laws to Cleanse Politics, says Supreme Court
- How effective is Election Commission in Ensuring Fair Elections
- Freebies Politics in India
- Election Commission Proposal for Countering Bribe-for-Votes
- Law Commission Report on Electoral Reforms
- State Funding in Elections
- Role of Civil Society in Free and Fair Election
- Women Voices in Elections
- Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) Issue
- About Paper Trail Units
- Anti-Defection Law
- Office of Profit & RPA
MISCELLANEOUS
- Constituent Assembly and its vision of future
- Making of the Constitution
- Constitution as a living document
- Democracy and diversity
- Outcomes of democracy
- Crisis of Democratic order
- National Commission to Review the Working of the Constitution
- Comparison of the Indian Constitutional scheme with that of other countries
CONSTITUTIONAL BODIES
- Election Commission
- Union Public Service Commission
- State Public Service Commission
- Finance Commission
- 14th Finance Commission and LocalGovernments
- 15th Finance commission: Issues with Term and References
- State Finance Commission
- Law Commission
- 268th Report of Law Commission on Bail Reforms
- Law Commission report on Hate Speech
- Pay Commission
- 7th Pay Commission
- National Commission for SCs
- National Commission for STs
- Special Officer for Linguistic Minorities
- Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) , Functioning and Autonomy of CAG
- National Commission for Backward Classes
- Attorney General of India
- Advocate General of the State
- Co-operative Societies
- Tribunals
- Problems with Tribunals, Problems arising out of sidestepping the HC
STATUTORY, REGULATORY AND VARIOUS QUASI-JUDICIAL BODIES
- Rationalization Of Autonomous Bodies
- National Human Rights Commission
- National Commission for Women
- State Human Rights Commission
- Central Information Commission
- State Information Commission
- Central Vigilance Commission
- Preventive Vigilance
- Central Bureau of Investigation
- Autonomy of CBI
- Lokpal and Lokayuktas
- Issues related to the appointment of Lokpal
- Ammendment to Lokpal Act
- Quasi judicial bodies
- NITI Aayog
- NITI Aayog’s Report on Rationalization of Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS)
- Model Land leasing Law prepared by NITI Aayog
SECOND ARC REPORT
- Functions of Government
- Issues in Organizational Structure of GOI
- Good Governance and Citizen Centric Administration
- e-Governance
- Ethics in Governance
INITIATIVES FOR TRANSPARENCY & ACCOUNTABILITY
- Public Accountability Concept
- Virtual ID for AADHAR
- Social Media & Accountability
- Accountability & Transparency in NGOs
- Autonomy of CBI
- Analysis of Functioning Of CAG
- People Centric Governance
- Pro-Active Governance & Timely Implementation (PRAGATI)
- Right Based Approach in Policy Making
- Direct Benefi t Transfer
- Issues Related to Making Aadhaar Mandatory
- Reforms Needed In Indian Bureaucracy
- Performance Appraisal System In Bureaucracy
- Curb on VIP Culture
- Social Audit Law
ORGANISATION/BODIES
- 14th Finance Commission Analysis
- 7th Pay Commission Report &Repercussions
- AFSPA & Second ARC
- Role of NITI Aayog
- Significance of Public Accounts Committee
- Right to Information
- Accountability & Transparency in NGOs
SCHEME
- PradhanMantri Jan-DhanYojana (PMJDY)
- Swachh Bharat Mission
- National Skill Development Mission
- National Food Security Act, 2013
- SansadAdarsh Gram Yojana
- Smart City Mission
- Saubhagya Plan
- NAMAMI GANGE
- Critical Analysis of Stand up India scheme
- MGNREGA
POLICIES
- NITI Aayog’s Report on Rationalization of Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS)
- Law Commission’s 268th Report on Bail Reforms
- Model Land Leasing Law Prepared by NITI Aayog
- T K Visanathan Committee on Hate Speech
- Law Commission Report on Tribunals in India
- Law Commission Report on United Nations Convention against Torture
- National Education Policy
MISCELLANEOUS
- Inter-State Water Dispute
- Debate on Directly Elected Mayor
- Debate on the Issue of Lobbying in India
- Media Role & Censorship Issue
- The Role of States in India’s Foreign Policy
UNION & STATE GOVERNMENT
- Imposition of President Rule: An Analysis
- Is President a mere Rubber Stamp?
- Politicization of the Post of Governor
- Lacunas in Parliamentary Functioning in India
- Significance of Strong Opposition in Democracy
- Ordinance Making Power in India
- Balance between Fundamental Rights & Parliamentary Privileges
- Special Provisions for other States
- Special Category Status to States
- National Register of Citizens in Assam
- Gorkhaland Crisis
- Issue Related to Office of Profit
- Women Reservation in Parliament
- Centre vs State: Case of AAP vs LG
JUDICIARY
- Shortage of Judges in Indian Courts
- Issue Related to Appointment of Judges
- Procedure for Removal of Judges: Critical Analysis
- Should Judiciary be under RTI
- Judicial Accountability
- Post Retirement Appointment of Judges
- Issue of Judicial Overreach
- Judicial Reform: How to Reduce Pendency of Cases?
- Future Challenges of the Indian Judiciary
- All-India Judicial Service
- Draft witness protection scheme
- Contempt of Court
- Government as the Biggest Litigant in India
- Public Interest Litigation
- National Litigation Policy
- Administrative Tribunals
- Sabrimala Temple Verdict
- Right to Convert
- Alternate Dispute Redressal Mechanism
- Should India abolish Death Penalty?
LOCAL GOVERNMENT
- Education Qualification Made Mandatory for Contesting Local Government Elections
- Reforms needed in Municipalities in Sync with Urban Development Missions
- Municipal reforms for sustainable development of Cities
- 14th Finance Commission & Local Governments
- Telangana: Tribal Hamlets to Village Panchayat Status
- Maharashtra Government Recently Launched a new Initiative to
- Dharavi- one of the Largest Slums in the World
- Panchayat Raj
- Strengthening Participation of Women in Panchayat
- PESA in Tribal Areas
- Deepening Grass Root Democracy in Sixth Schedule Areas
- 2nd ARC Recommendations
ELECTIONS
- Criminalization of Politics
- Issues Related to the Working of Political Parties
- Enact Strong Laws to Cleanse Politics, says Supreme Court
- How effective is Election Commission in Ensuring Fair Elections
- Freebies Politics in India
- Election Commission Proposal for Countering Bribe-for-Votes
- Law Commission Report on Electoral Reforms
- State Funding in Elections
- Role of Civil Society in Free and Fair Election
- Women Voices in Elections
- Electronic Voting Machine (EVM) Issue
- About Paper Trail Units
- Anti-Defection Law
- Office of Profit & RPA
MISCELLANEOUS
- Revisiting Section 124-A of IPC
UPSC SYLLABUS
- Salient features of Indian Society
- Diversity of India
- Effects of globalization on Indian society
- National Integration, communalism, regionalism & secularism
- Role of women and women’s organization
- Social empowerment, poverty and developmental issues
- Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable section
- Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources
- Issues relating to poverty and hunger
- Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.
UNITY IN DIVERSITY
- Concepts of Unity and Diversity
- Forms of Diversity in India
- Reasons for so much Diversity
- Bonds of Unity In India
- Geo-political Unity
- The Institution of Pilgrimage
- Tradition of Accommodation
- Tradition of Interdependence
- Role of Sensitive Leaders
- Constitutional Safeguards – Role of Constitution Framers
CHALLENGES OF DIVERSITY TO UNITY (CHALLENGES TO NATIONAL INTEGRATION)
- Diversity of Constituents
- Regionalism and Cultural Identities
- Casteism
- Linguism
- Communalism
- Social Inequalities
- Regional Disparities
- Ethno-Nationality and Ethnic Conflicts
- Tribal Identity
- Basic Sociological Concepts
- The Family and Kinship
- Concept of Patriarchy In India
SECULARISM
- Secularism And Secularization
- Western and Indian Concept
- Process of Secularization
- Secularism and Forced Conversion in India
REGIONALISM, COMMUNALISM, FUNDAMENTALISM AND COMMUNAL VIOLENCE
- Regionalism
- Regionalism in India
- Types of Regionalism
- Effects of Regionalism
- Regionalism: Demand for Smaller States
- Strategies to tackle Regionalism
- Sons of Soil Concept
- Communilism Concept, Orgin, Impact
- Fundamentalism-religious, Cultural
- Communal Violence
SOCIAL EMPOWERMENT
- Constitutional Provisions Relevant to Social Justice & Empowerment of Scheduled Caste & Scheduled Tribes
- Status of Minorities In India
THE SCHEDULED CASTES: FROM UNTOUCHABLE TO DALIT
- Population of the Scheduled Castes
- Types of Disabilities of the SCs
- From Untouchables to the Dalits: The Process of Identity Formation
- Combating Mechanism against Caste Atrocities and Violence
- The State Efforts for Dalit Emancipation
- Identify Political Implications on Dalits
TRIBALS IN INDIA
- Chronic Indebtedness
- Forest Related Problems
- Destruction of the Forest Environment and the Tribal People
- Development and Displacement
- Analysis of Forest Rights Act
WOMEN MOVEMENTS
- 19th Century Women Movements – Under Social Reform Movements
- Women’s Issues During Gandhian Era
- Issues in Post Independence Era
- Violence Against Women
- Developmental Movement
- Uniform Civil Code
- Feminism and Post Feminism
SOCIAL JUSTICE
- Concept of Casteism in India
- Caste and Politics
- The Reservation Policy Debate
- Social Justice and Social Development
SOCIAL SECURITY IN INDIA
- Concept
- Social Security System in India
- Organized Sector and Social Security
- Unorganised Sector and Social Security
- Centrally Funded Social Assistance Programmes
- Public Initiatives
- Review of the implementation of Social Security Laws in the Country
- Suggestions for Improving the Social Security Matrix
- Social security code for all
UNDERSTANDING POVERTY
- Dimensions of Poverty
- Linkage between Poverty and Development
- Recommendations of Rangarajan Committee Report
- Poverty Alleviation Strategy Since Independence
- Programmes for Poverty Alleviation
- Concept of Inequality
GLOBALIZATION
- Meaning of Globalization
- Reasons for Globalization
- Dimensions/Impact
- Political
- Cultural and Social
- Economic
- Anti-Globalization Movement
- New Localism
- NPM (New public management)
URBANIZATION & CENSUS 2011
- Urbanization
- Trend and pattern of Urbanization
- Issues Related to Urbanization in India
- Status of Service Delivery and Governance
- Urban Development Projects
- Critical Analysis of Smart City Mission
- SDG’s and urbanization
CENSUS 2011
- Highlights of 2011 Census
- Analysis of Sex Ratio Data
- Impact of Skewed Ratio
- Laws related to Prevent Female Infanticide
- Recent initiatives
- Trend and Current Scenario of Literacy in India
- Literacy Challenges in India as Whole
- Efforts to Improve the Literacy in Country
- Child Health Indicators and Maternal Health
- Initiatives taken by the Government
- Why the Health schemes fail to bring change?
- Family Planning and Population Policy of India
- Analysis on Status of Old Age Population: Issues & Policy Initiative
- Socio-Economic Caste Census 2011
- NRC
CONTEMPORARY ISSUES
- Secularism, Regionalism & Communalism
- Secularism and Anti Conversion
- Regionalism: Demand for Smaller States
- Socio-Economic Caste Census, 2011
- Gender Discrimination in the Corporate Sector
ISSUES RELATED TO WOMEN
- Gender Discrimination in Corporate Sector
- Female Genital Mutilation
- Bill on Banning Triple Talaq
- Issues of women entry to place of worship
- Adultery No Longer a Crime : SC
- Unwanted Girls in India
- Altruistic Surrogacy in India
- Women in Panchayats
- Women Participation in Economy
- # Me Too Movement
- Draft National Policy for Women, 2016
- Laws Related to Stalking in India
- Debate on the Issue of Marital Rape
- India’s Maternity Laws need Serious Tweaking
- Women in Judiciary Matters
- SC’s Judgment on Dowry
- Gender Budgeting: Critical Analysis
ISSUES RELATED TO CHILDREN
- Issues Faced by Children in War Zone
- High Dropout Rate of Girls in India
- Child Trafficking
- Safety of Children in Schools
- Issue of Malnutrition in India
- Amendments Proposed in Child Labour Act
- Plight of Street Children
- Juvenile Justice System
- Child Marriages in India
- Death for child Rape
- Draft National Child Protection Policy
- National Action Plan for Children, 2016
OTHER ISSUES
- India’s Family Planning Programme: Critical Analysis
- Demography and Policy Planning
- India’s Ageing Report
- Legalising Same Sex Marriage
- Domestic Workers: Issues and Laws
- Development Leading to Displacement
- Moral Policing
- Euthanasia and Living Will
- Inadequacies in existing Human Trafficking laws in India
- Transgender Bill passed in Lok Sabha with Amendments
- Mental Health Care Bill
- Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act
- Manual Scavenging
- Mob lynching and Rule of Law
- Issue Related to Under trials
- Income Inequality in India
- Indigenous People in India : An Analysis
- Debate Over Death Penalty
- Global Slavery Index Report
- Right to Privacy Judgement
- SC Verdict on SC/ST Atrocities Bill
- Social Stigma Attached with HIV
HEALTH & EDUCATION
- Status Health sector
- Status of Education sector
- Allied Health Care Professions Bill, 2018
- Ahead on Malaria: On reduction in cases in India
- India and Neglected Disease Treatment
- TB Status in India and Bedaquiline Patent Challenge
- Status of E-Pharmacies in India
- Changes Proposed in No Detention Policy
- National Policy on Education
- Capacity Building for Primary Health Care
- NITI Aayog on Privatisation of Urban Health Care
- National Health Policy, 2017
- Regulating Private Healthcare
- India’s Nutrition Challenge
- Food Fortification
- Sanitation and Nutrition Linkage
- Ayushman Bharat
MISCELLANEOUS
- Is social media polarizing society?
- Online political adverstising and challenge for democracy and society
- Draft Social Security Code
- Uniform Civil Code
- Critical Analysis of Stand Up India Scheme
- SC Suggests for Prison Reforms
- Statue of Unity
UPSC SYLLABUS
- Major crops cropping patterns in various parts of the country
- Different types of irrigation and irrigation systems storage
- Transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues and related constraints
- e-technology in the aid of farmers
- Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices
- Public Distribution System – objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security
- Technology missions
- Economics of animal-rearing
- Food processing and related industries in India- scope and significance, location, upstream and downstream requirements, supply chain management.
- Land reforms in India.
- Effects of liberalization on the economy
- Changes in industrial policy and their effects on industrial growth. Other economic development in field of Manufacturing and service sector
ROLE OF AGRICULTURE IN INDIAN ECONOMY
- Land resource
- Land-use pattern and Land capability classification
- Causes and Impact of Land Degradation
- Sustainable Land Management
- Steps taken by GOI
LAND REFORMS
- Objectives of Land Reforms in India
- Progress of Land Reforms in India
- NITI Aayog Report on Land Leasing
AGRICULTURE FINANCE
- Features of Agricultural Finance
- Criteria for Agricultural Credit
- Need for Agricultural Finance
- Sources of Agricultural Finance
- Problems of Agricultural Finance
- Measures taken to improve credit flow to agriculture
- Co-operative Credit Societies in India
AGRICULTURAL CREDIT INSTITUTIONS
- Multi Agency Approach
- Commercial Bank
- Lead Bank Scheme
- Regional Rural Banks
- National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD)
- Reserve Bank of India
- Kisan Credit Card Scheme
- Bank Linkage Programme
- Rural Infrastructure Development Fund (RIDF)
- Government Policy For Agricultural Credit
- Farmers Service Societies (FSS)
CROP INSURANCE IN INDIA
- Issues Related to Crop Insurance
- Pradhan MantriFasalBimaYojana
- Comparison with Earlier Crop Insurance Schemes
AGRICULTURE MARKETING
- Process of Agricultural Marketing in India
- Structure of Agricultural Marketing in India
- Importance of Proper Agriculture Marketing
- Government Measures to Improve Agricultural Marketing in India
- Analysis of APMC Act
SUBSIDIES
- Objectives of subsidies
- Transfer of resources from gainers from economic policies to losers from economic policies
- Farm Subsidies
- Fertiliser subsidies
- Subsidy on power
- Subsidy on irrigation
- Rationale of Minimum Support Price
- Impact of MSP on inflation
- Public Distribution System: Objectives, functioning, limitations,, revamping, evolution from universal PDS to targeted PDS, Targeted PDS, a critical analysis of cost and benefit of PDS
- Buffer Stock policy and government’s intervention in food market to keep prices under reasonable limits to help consumers
- Food Security bill, questions of resource mobilization for the FSB, criticism of the FSB
- Important questions on the future of subsidies
AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTIONS IN INDIA
- Green Revolution
- White Revolution – Operation Flood
- Yellow Revolution
- Blue Revolution
- Golden Fibre Revolution: Jute
FOOD PROCESSING
- Processed Foods Scenario with respect to Specific Sectors
- Infrastructure Development in Food Processing Sector
- Issues in Food Processing Sector
- FDI Policy in Food Processing
- Notable Trends in the Indian Food Processing Sector
- Strategies Adopted in Budget
- New foreign and domestic investment
- Sector-specific government policies
INDUSTRIAL POLICY AND INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT: MAIN ISSUES
- Mahalanobis strategy and India’s industrial policy-Discussing Industrial policy resolution
1948 and 1956 critically - New Economic Policy and Industrial policy under the policy of liberalization, privatization and globalization
- Phases of Industrial development since independence
MAIN FEATURES OF INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA
- Roles of private sector and public sector, Investment in the industrial sector, employment, productivity, profit etc.
- Strategies for disinvestment and privatization
- Role of Small, Medium and Micro enterprises, Government Policy, main problems, effects of globalization
- New Manufacturing Policy
- Industrial disbursal and Industrial corridors
- SEZs- Main issues like land use, relocation of same industries that exist, exports earnings vs loss of tax income
- Industrial sickness, institutional mechanism to support the sick industries, exit policy issues
- Main constraints in the industrial development of India
- Effects of globalization on industries, Sub-prime crisis and sovereign debt crisis on Industry in India
- Industrial Finance in India: Role of development banking, commercial banking, venture capital, angel capital in industrialization and promotion of entrepreneurship
- Make in India achievements
UPSC SYLLABUS
- Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, growth, development and unemployment
- Mobilization of resources
- Government Budgeting.
- Investment models.
- Financial and Money Market
- Inflation
- Direct and Indirect taxes
- Inclusive growth & issues arising from it.
INDIAN ECONOMY AND ISSUES RELATING TO PLANNING
- Role and objectives of Indian Planning
- Planning Experience at the Centre and State level.
- Regulatory Role of the State
- Development Strategy in India’s Five Year Plan
- Mahalanobis’ Four-Sector Growth Model and Employment Generation
- Tackling the Problems of Poverty and Unemployment
- Vital Role of the Public Sector
- Analysis of India’s Economic Performance in Development Planning
- Trends in Saving and Capital Formation since Independence
- Role of NITI Aayog in Cooperative federalism
RESOURCE MOBILIZATION
- Types of Resources: Physical and Financial
- Need for Resource Mobilization- Police State and Democratic Welfare State policies
- Sources of Resource Mobilization: Public Sector and Private Sector
- Taxation and Mobilization of Resources for Economic Growth
- Direct Taxes and Mobilisation of Resources
- Agricultural Taxation & Resource Mobilisation
- Role of Indirect Taxes in Resource Mobilisation
- Mobilization of financial resources through Government Revenues
- Role of Public Debt in resource mobilization and effects: Market borrowing, loans, grants, etc.
- Role of Fiscal and Monetary policies in resource mobilization
- Role of Foreign investment in resource mobilization:Desirability and Consequences
- Multi-lateral agencies and resource mobilization
- Challenges to Resource Mobilization
INCLUSIVE GROWTH AND ISSUES ARISING FROM IT
- Meaning and concept of Inclusion
- India’s experience of Inclusion
- Why India’s growth is not inclusive?: Rural economy based growth, Need of Sustainable agriculture, food security and resilience for growth
- What are the solutions?
- Inclusion process through Social sector flagship schemes and Ground realities
- Public distribution schemes: Can it be the way to inclusive growth
- Financial inclusion as an instrument of inclusive growth
- Poverty Alleviation and Employment Generation as a strategy for inclusive growth
- Social sector development as an instrument for inclusive growth
- Public private partnership for inclusive growth
- Industrial Integration for inclusive growth
- Sectoral and regional diversification as a tool for inclusive growth
GOVERNMENT BUDGETING
- Budget terminology
- Types of budget
- Features of Outcome budgeting , Gender Budgeting
- Benefits of budgeting
- Flaws in budgeting process
- Merger of Railway and General Budget
- Budget analysis
INVESTMENT MODELS
- Measures of Investment
- Factors affecting investment
- Classification of Investments : FDI
- Angel Investors and Start-ups
- Investment Models
- Role of State
- PPP (Public-Private Partnership)
- Savings and Investment Trends
FISCAL POLICY
- Fiscal Concept and Fiscal Policy in India
- Government Revenues & Spending Trends
- Impact of deficits on economic growth
- Twin Balance Sheet syndrome
- Types of Deficit
TAXATION
- Objectives and Principles of Taxation
- Taxation for Mobilization of Resources
- Taxation System in India
- Tax Reforms
- GST and its impact on different sectors
- Subsidies and its Impact
MONETARY POLICY IN INDIA
- Instruments of Monetary Policy
- Monetary policy in Pre-Reform Era (1948 – 1991)
- Monetary Policy in Post-Reform Era (Since – 1991)
- Urjit Patel Committee Report
- Monetary Policy Committee and Inflation Targeting
FINANCIAL SYSTEM
- Money Market and Capital Market in India
- Regulatory Framework in Indian Capital Market
- Primary Market Reforms in India
- Secondary Market Reforms in India
- Current and capital account convertiblity
- Risks of financial system
BANKING
- Indian Banking System
- Terminologies/Concepts Related to Banking in India
- Nationalization of Banks in India
- Functions of Commercial Banks
- Challenges Faced by Commercial Banks in India
- Banking Reforms in India
- New Bank License Criteria
- Small Finance Banks and Payment Banks Criteria
- Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC)
- Financial Inclusion
- Issue of NPAs
- Bills related to Banking
FOREIGN TRADE & INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
- Trends in International Trade
- Foreign Trade Policy
- Balance of Payments and Foreign Capital
- Impact of Globalization on Indian Economy
- International Monetary Fund (IMF)
- World Trade Organisation (WTO)
- World Bank Group AIIB and NDB
Contemporary Issue: Sectors of Indian Economy
INDUSTRY & LABOUR
- Draft National Food Processing Policy Released
- Initiatives for Fund for Start-Ups
- Companies Need to Look Beyond CSR
- Initiatives to Support MSME Sector
- Model Shop & Establishment Bill, 2016
- National Capital Goods Policy 2016 unveiled
- H-1B Visa Rule Change & It’s Impact on IT Sector
- Unemployment Survey
- Draft Social Security Code
- Analysis of Competition Commission of India
- Exit Issues and Insolvency Resolution Process
- Government Limitations in Job Creation
- The Code on Wages, 2019
- Amendments in Bankruptcy Code
- Contract Worker: Issues and Steps Needed
- Feminization of Agriculture
- Challenges and opportunities of fourth
Industrial Revolution - Why Manufacturing Sector is not able to Generate Jobs?
- Inequality between Large Business Houses & Smaller Businesses
- How Labour Regulations Affect Manufacturing?
AGRICULTURE
- Niti Aayog Launches Agricultural Marketing & Farm Friendly Reforms Index
- Defects in Procurement Policy
- Reforming Trade in Agriculture Products
- Draft Model APMC Act, 2016
- NITI Aayog Report on Agriculture
- Agriculture Export Policy, 2018
- Farm Policies: One-Size-Fits-All do not Work
- Lab to Land: How to Improve
- Agriculture Price Policy in India
INFRASTRUCTURE
- Inland Waterways in India
- Aviation Sector & Regional Connectivity Scheme: Udan
- Air Service Agreement
- Airline Sector: Downtime and the Turnaround
- Privatization of Air India: Critical Analysis
- Help Scheme
- Multi-Modal Transport System
- Bharatmala Pariyojana : Revolution In Indian National Highways
- Privatization of Railways
- Transformation in Indian Railways
- Connecting North East
- Optimising Thermal Power in India
- Reliable and Affordable Energy
- Mineral Auction Rules, 2015
Contemporary Issue: Policy and Reforms in Indian Economy
BUDGET & TAXATION
- Low Tax to GDP Ratio: Reasons and Suggestions
- Public Debt Management Cell
- IBBI and Insolvency Rules
- Ponzi Scheme and Issues
- Fat tax: Concept Analysis
- Concept of Municipal Bonds
- Lower Taxes, Higher Compliance: Implication on Economy
- How Shell Companies are used in Black Money?
- Offshore Investments in Tax Havens
- Concept of Google Tax and its Implications
- Sunset Clause and its Significance in Policies
- Government Rule on Capital Gains Tax
- Credit Rating Agencies and their Implications
- Fugitive Economic Offenders Bill
BANKING & FINANCE
- Concept of Wilfull Defaulter
- Concept of Shadow Banking
- Non Performing Assets
- Marginal Cost of Funds based Lending Rate
- Unified Payment Interface
- India Post Payments Bank
- Differentiated Bank Licenses
- Digital Payments Scenario
- Monetary Policy Committee
- Report of Working Group on Development of Corporate Bond Market in India
- IL & FS issue and Corporate Governance in India
- SEBI reforms on Corporate Governance – Uday Kotak Committee
- SEBI and Commodity markets in India
- Concept of Crypto-Currencies
- Crypto Currencies Come Under SEBI Lens
- Corporate Governance: Role of SEBI
- Peer to Peer Lending Firms
- Bank Recapitalization Program
- Lessons on NPA from Global Banks
- Need of Regulatory Regime for Alternative Investment Fund
- Name and Shame Willful Defaulters
SCHEMES & POLICIES
- Sustainable Development Goals
- Ease of Doing Business
- Critical Analysis of PM Crop Insurance Scheme
- Bhavantar Bhugtan Yojana
- Operation Greens
- Critical Analysis of Banks Board Bureau
- Critical Analysis of Draft Energy Policy
- Critical Analysis of Stand up India Scheme
- New PPP Policy
- Sagarmala Project
- Critical Analysis of Bharatmala Project
- GST ANALYSIS
- How GST has Affected Small Business
EXTERNAL SECTOR
- FDI Status and Issues in India
- Permanent Residency Status for Foreign Investors
- WTO Reforms and India’s Stance
- Dispute Settlement Mechanism at WTO
- Gist of Foreign Trade Policy (FTP) 2015-2020
- Reforms in IMF Quota
- Rising New Form of Protectionism
- BIT Dispute Management Strategy
- Broad Based Trade and Investment Agreement (India-EU FTA Talks)
- Nachiket Mor Committee
- P J Nayak Committee
- Vijay Kelkar Committee on PPP Reforms
- Parthasarathi Shome Committee on GAAR
- Urjit Patel Committee Report on Monetary Policy
- Mahapatra Committee (NBFC Loan Restructuring)
- Usha Thorat Committee (2012)
- Bibek Debroy Committee (Railways)
- N K Singh Panel Report on FRBM Act
- Shanta Kumar Committee
- Watal Committee on Digital Payments
- HR Khan Committee on Foreign Portfolio Investment
- Strategic Partnership Policy to Boost Defence Manufacturing: Dhirendra Singh Committee
Science and Technology
UPSC SYLLABUS
- Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life Achievements of Indians in science & technology; indigenization of technology and developing new technology.
- Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, nano-technology, bio-technology and issues relating to intellectual property rights.
INTRODUCTION
- India’s Policy in the Field of the Science & Technology
- The Science & Technology Policy Resolution in 1958
- Science & Technology Policy 2013
- Institutional Structure
- New Initiatives Aligned with the NationalAgenda
- India & World Collaboration in Science Projects
SPACE
- Satellite Communication in India
- INSAT Satellite Applications
- Remote Sensing Applications
- Cryogenic Rockets
- Global Positioning System
- Role of Space in Development
- ISRO as Soft Power
- Issue of Space Race
- Space Activities Bill, 2017
- Outer space treaty
IT, TELECOM & ELECTRONICS
- IT Industry in India
- Applications of Information Technology
- Display Technologies
- Telecommunication
- Government Initiatives
- Contemporary Debates
DEFENCE
- Missile System and their Classification
- India’s Missile System
- India’s Ballistic Missile Defence System
- UAVs in India
- Stealth Technology ,Chemical Weapons , Biological Weapons
NANO-SCIENCE & NANO-TECHNOLOGY
- Nanoscience Nanotechnology and Nanomaterials
- Applications of Nanotechnology
- Health & Environmental Impacts of Nanotechnology
- Social & Ethical Impacts
- Nano-Science& Nanotechnology in India
ROBOTICS
- Robotics & Artificial Intelligence
- Applications of Robotics
- Robotics and Issues of Unemployment
NUCLEAR ENERGY
- Nuclear-Power Policy of India
- Non-energy Applications of Nuclear Energy
- Impact of Radiation, Issue of RadioactiveWaste
- Institutions involved in Nuclear Energy Development
- Nuclear & Radiological Disasters
BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Application of Biotechnology
- Biotechnology Projects
- Issue of Bio-Piracy
- Bioinformatics
- Biotechnology and IPR Issue
- Ethical Dimension In Biotechnology
RENEWABLE ENERGY
- Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC)
- Concept of Green Building
- Tidal , Wave , Geothermal Energy , Fuel Cells
ACHIEVEMENTS OF INDIANS IN SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
- Scientists of Ancient India
- Science and Scientists of Medieval India
- Scientists of Modern India
- Policies& Reports related to Science
- Technology Vision Document 2035
- National Biotechnology Development Strategy 2015-2020
- National Intellectual Property Rights Policy
- Policy on Synthetic Biology
- Law Commission Report on Human DNA Profiling
Contemporary Issue
SPACE
- OUTER SPACE TREATY
- NEUTRINO OBSERVATORY
- SOLAR MISSION- ADITYA
- Chandrayaan-2 Mission
- GRAVITATIONAL WAVES
- IMPORTANCE OF NAVIGATION SYSTEM
- Reusable Launch Vehicle
- About SN Bose
- Stephen Hawking
- Space Activities Bill, 2017
- ISRO AS SOFT POWER
- ISRO’S ROLE IN SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
- Space Debris
- GAGANYAAN
- 20 years of International Space Station
BIOTECHNOLOGY & HEALTH
- Tuberculosis
- Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV
- Nipah Virus Infection
- Generic Drugs in India
- Stent Implants
- INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS: ISSUES & CONCERNS
- Misuse of Secondary Patent Methodology
- Digital Biopiracy
- Clinical Applications of whole Genome Sequencing
- Three-Parent Babies Permitted in UK
- Mass Embryo Transfer
- Issues Related to Gm Food
- Importance of Genetic Testing
- Health Geo-Mapping Project
- Digital Health Technology Eco-System
- Ethical Dimension In Biotechnology
- Law Commission Report on Human DNA Profiling
- Law against Genetic Discrimination
- Genome Editing: What, Why and Way Forward
DEFENCE
- India’s Missile System
- Brahmos and its Significance
- India’s Ballistic Missile Defence System
- Indian Submarines and Naval Ships
- Light Combat Aircraft
- UAVs in India
- Chemical Weapons
- Biological Weapons
POLICIES RELATED TO SCIENCE
- Sti Policy 2013 of India: Analysis
- The Paradox of Innovation
- Analysis of INSPIRE Scheme
- National Biotechnology Development Strategy 2015- 2020
- Organ Donation Rules in India
- Policy on Synthetic Biology
- The Dna Technology (Use and Application) Regulation Bill, 2018
- Maharashtra’s Public Cloud Policy
- National Policy on Electronics 2019
- Roadmap for Drones
- National Wind-Solar Hybrid Policy
- Draft Rules for E-Pharmacies
- National Digital Communications Policy
- Net Neutrality
IT & TELECOM
- Internet Of Things
- Big Data Initiative
- Supercomputer and its Applications
- Li-Fi Technology and its Application
- Use of it in Financial Inclusion
- Credit/Debit Card Crimes
- Bharatnet Project
- Wanna Cry Malware
- Concept of Cyber-Physical Systems
- Esign Electronic Signature Service: Significance & Applications
- Digital India: Achievements
- Adoption of Blockchain Technology to Stop Bank Frauds
- Artificial Intelligence and Society
- Two Authentication Procedure
- Facial Authentication Working
- Issue of Internet Governance
- Quantum computing
- National supercomputing mission
- Data Protection-B N srikrishna committee
- Data Localisation and Related Issues
- National Digital Literacy Mission and Digital NE vision
- National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NM-ICPS)
- Bullet Train
INITIATIVES IN THE FIELD OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
- Technology and Food Security
- BOOSTING Horticulture through Remote Sensing
- Hyperloop Transportation Technology
- Cloud Seeding Experiment In Maharashtra
- Nano-Technology Medicines
- Hydrogen Bomb
- Ear Tagging In Cattle
- e-Cigarette
- Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant
- Geo-Tagging The Assets In Mgnrega
- Robot Tax and its Implications
- India & World Collaboration in Science Projects
INITIATIVES IN THE FIELD OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
- Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV
- Nipah Virus Infection
- Avian Influenza or Bird Flu
- Bovine TB
- Encephalitis
- Kyasanoor Forest Disease (Monkey Fever)
- Hospital Acquired Infection
- Rotavirus
- Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Virus
- Swine Flu
- Chikanguniya
- Tuberculosis
Environment
UPSC SYLLABUS
- Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.
- Disaster and disaster management.
ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY: BASIC UNDERSTANDING
- Introduction
- Categories of Environment
- Features of Environment
- Components of Environment
- Ecology
ECOSYSTEM AND ITS DYNAMICS
- Ecosystem Definitions
- Properties of Ecosystem
- Components of Ecosystem
- Abiotic Factors
- Biotic Factors
- Ecosystem Dynamics
BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
- Gaseous Cycle
- Carbon Cycle
- Human Impact on the Carbon Cycle
- Effects of High Concentration of Greenhouse Gases
- Hydrological Cycle
- Nitrogen Cycle
- Human Impact on the Nitrogen Cycle
- Oxygen Cycle
- Sedimentary Cycle
- Sulphur Cycle
- Human Impact on the Sulphur Cycle
- Phosphorus Cycle
TYPES OF ECOSYSTEMS
- Terrestrial Ecosystem
- Aquatic Ecosystem
- Changes in Ecosystem
- Ecosystem Conservation
- Ecology vs. Economy
POPULATION ECOLOGY
- Population Characteristics
- Population Growth Models
- Species
- Carrying Capacity of Earth
BIOSPHERE
- Extent of the Biosphere
- Working of the Biosphere
- Importance of the Biosphere
- Alpha, Beta, Gamma Diversity
- Biomes
- Global Biomes
- Major Biomes of the World
- WWF Classification of Biomes
- Terrestrial Biomes
- Aquatic Biomes
- Indian Biomes
BIODIVERSITY
- Types of Biodiversity
- Value of the Biodiversity
- Threats to Biodiversity
- Causes of Biodiversity losses (‘The Evil Quartet’)
- Invasive species
- Effects of Loss of Bio-Diversity
- Extinction of Species
- Types – Natural, Mass, Anthropogenic
- Causes of Extinction
- Consequences of Extinction of Species
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
- Conservation Strategies
- Conservation Tools
- IUCN
- IUCN Red List
- Ecologically Sensitive Area (ESAs)
- In-situ methods of conservation of biodiversity
- Advantages of In-situ Conservation
- Disadvantages of In-situ conservation
- Ex-situ Methods of Conservation of Biodiversity
POLLUTION & DEGRADATION
- Land Degradation
- Causes and Impact of Land Degradation
- Desertification
- Sustainable Land Management
- Soil Erosion
- Problems due to Excessive Irrigation
- Soil Conservation
- Air Pollution
- Causes of Air Pollution
- Harmful Effects of Common Air Pollutants
- Control of Air Pollution
- Marine Pollution
- Effects of Marine Pollution
- Coastal Regulation Zone Notification, 2011
- Mining & Pollution
- Effects of Mining on Environment
- Concept of Sustainable Mining
- Acts to regulate the adverse effects of Mining Activities
- Other Pollution
- Effects of Noise Pollution on Human Health
- Harmful Effects from Biological Contaminants
- Harmful Effects of Radioactive Pollution
- Nuclear Accidents
- Water Degradation
- Measurement of Water Pollution
- Harmful Effects of Water Pollution
- Delhi Pollution
WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Solid Waste Management
- Salient features of SWM Rules, 2016
- e-waste Management
- Pollutants and their Health Impacts
- Importance of the E-Waste Management
- E-waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2016
- Biomedical Waste
- Hazards Associated with Waste Management
- Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016
- Hazardous Waste
- Hazardous Waste Treatment
- Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management & Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016
CLIMATE CHANGE
- Factors Affecting Climate Change
- Impact of climate change & its mitigation
- Climate Change Management
- Conventions
- International Organisations
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES
- Impact of Agriculture on Environment
- Sustainable Agriculture
- Sustainable Agriculture
- Hi-tech Farming Methods
- Rain Water Harvesting
- Green Buildings and their Rating System in India
- Eco-tourism – Advantages & Disadvantages of Eco-tourism
Contemporary Issue
WILDLIFE
- Man-Animal Conflicts in India
- Poaching activities in India
- Development leads to tiger extinction
- Elephant Conservation
- International treaties for wildlife conservation Use of drones for wildlife conservation
- Urban Land Acting as Death Traps for Birds
- Eco-Bridges and Biodiversity Management
- Suderbans at risk due to Climate Change
- Critical Wildlife Habitats
- Declining Population of Pollinators
- International treaties for Wildlife Conservation
COMBATING POLLUTION
- Indoor Air Pollution and its impact
- Impact of Particulate Matter
- Smog and its impact
- Aerosol shrinking India’s Monsoon
- Stubble Burning
- Mobile radiation Impact on Health
- Heavy water Pollution
- Plastic Pollution
- Light Immersion Pollution
- Idol Pollution
- Oil Spill
- Garbage Dumping and its Environment
- E-waste Management Rules 2016
- Groundwater contamination (Arsenic, Uranium)
- Bharat Stage Norm
- What is Polluters Pay Model?
- LANCET Study REPORT: Most Pollution linked deaths occur in India
- Beach (Coastal) Pollution
- Nitrogen Pollution
- Hazardous Waste (Management & Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016
CLIMATE CHANGE
- Conference of Parties (COP-24) at Katowice
- Marrakech Climate Change Conference
- Paris Agreement
- US moved out of Paris agreement
- Kigali Agreement
- Kyoto Protocol (2nd Commitment)
- IPCC Report 2018
- International Solar Alliance
- Concept of Green Bond
- Green Climate Fund
- Carbon Tax Feasibility in India
- Concept of Green Building
- Concept of Carbon Credit
- Climate Change and Cities
- Climate change and its impact on Health
- Climate Change and Agriculture
- Climate Change and sea level Rise
- Ocean Warming
- Melting of Gangotri Glacier
- Programmes and Policies Initiated for Mitigating Climate Change
- International Collaboration for Mitigating Climate Change
- Ethical issue involved in climate change
- Third Pole and Climate Change
- UNCCD 2018-2030 Strategic Framework
- Regulatory Indicators for Sustainable Energy (Rise) 2018 – Wb
- Accounting Methods of Climate Fund Questioned
- Tackling Climate Change from a Security Perspective
- Effects of Global Warming on El Nino in The 21st Century
- India to Expand Polar Research to Arctic
- Bengal Tigers may not Survive Climate Change
- Scientists Mull Stratospheric Barrier to Curb Global Warming
RENEWABLE ENERGY
- Biogas
- National Solar Mission
- Status of Hydro Power energy in India
- Alternative fuels in India
- Draft Energy Policy
- National Energy Storage Mission
- Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency
- National Wind-solar Hybrid Policy
- Photo-voltaic industry and CPSU scheme
INITIATIVES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONSERVATION
- Compensatory Afforestation Fund Act
- Draft National Wildlife Action Plan
- Wetland Management Rules, 2017
- Initiatives to enhance green cover
- Policy on Promotion of City Compost
- Ancient Bawadis and Water Management
- Living status to Rivers
- Ganga River Pollution
- Environment Impact Assessment
- Environmental Compliance and Enforcement in India
- Public Participation for Environmental conservation
- Western Ghats biodiversity conservation
- The 25 Year Environment Plan
- India’s National Redd+ Strategy
- EnviStats-India 2019
- Indian Forest Act amendment
- Sustainable India Finance Facility (SIFF)
- Sustainable Development in Indian Himalayan Region
- Global Carbon Project (GCP)
- Naturalized species
- Resource Efficiency Cell
- India Cooling Action Plan (ICAP), Global Cooling Coalition
- Island protection zone (IPZ) 2019 for Andaman and Nicobar
- Plan to save Himalayan springs
- Environmental Institutions
- Pollution Control Board: Analysis
- National Green Tribunal: Analysis
- Forest Survey of India and India State of Forest Report, 2017
- Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee
- Traditional Knowledge Digital Library
MISCELLANEOUS ISSUES
- Impacts of Dam and fishing
- Issue of Land Degradation
- Sand Mining
- Algal bloom Issue
- Melting of Antarctica and its impact
- River linking project and its impact
- Bottom Trawling to Deep Sea fishing
- Mass Coral Bleaching – Threats to coral reefs
- Forest Fires
Ethics
UPSC SYLLABUS
- Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in human actions; dimensions of ethics; ethics in private and public relationships
- Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators; role of family, society and educational institutions in inculcating values
- Attitude: content, structure, function; its influence and relation with thought and behaviour; moral and political attitudes; social influence and persuasion
- Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and world
ETHICS: BASIC INTRODUCTION
- Dimensions and Essence of Ethics
- Approaches of Ethical Study: Indian Perspective and Western Perspective
- Basic concepts: morality and value
- Ethics in public life
- Ethics in Economic Life
- Freedom and Discipline
- Duties and Rights
- Virtue Ethics
- Consequences of Ethics in Human Actions
- Values and Ethics in Government: Legislature, Executive and judiciary
- Contribution of Family in Value Education
- Contribution of Society in Inculcating Values
- Role of Educational Institutions in
Inculcating Values
HUMAN VALUES
- Human Values& Socialization
- Individual Personality and Values
- Values and Skill
- Fundamental and Instrumental Values
- Democratic values
- Role of Ethical values in governance and society
- Significance of values in civil services
- Aesthetic values
- Values in work life and professional ethics
APTITUDE AND FOUNDATIONAL VALUES OF CIVIL SERVICES
- Essential Aptitude for civil servants
- Foundational Values of Civil Services
- Civil Services Accountability
- Neutrality, Anonymity, Integrity , Humility , Adaptability , Magnanimity , Perseverance
- Impartiality and Non-Partisanship
- Tolerance and compassion for the Weaker section
- Contribution to society by Civil Services
INDIA & WORLD THINKERS
- Indian Thinkers
- Mahatama Gandhi
- S Radhakrishnan
- Rabindranath Tagore
- Swami DayanandSaraswati
- MahadevaGovindaRanade
- Sri Aurobindo
- Swami Vivekananda
- Sardar Patel
- Buddha
- Bhim Rao Ambedkar
- Raja Ram Mohan Roy
- ChhatrapatiShahuMaharaj
- Mother Teresa
- Amitabha Chowdhury
- Aruna Roy
- T N Seshan
- E Sreedharan
- Administrative Thinkers
- Max Weber
- Elton Mayo
- Peter Drucker
- Chestar Barnard
- Mary Parker Follet
- World Thinkers
- Plato
- Aristotle
- Socrates
- Jeremy Bentham
- S. Mill
- Thomas Hobbes
- John Locke
- Jean Jacques Rousseau
- John Rawls
- Immanuel Kant
- Carol Gilligan
- Jean Paul Sartre
- Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
- Confucius
- Rene Descartes
- Karl Marx
- Adam Smith
- Thomas Aquinas
- David Hume
- Democritus
- Galileo
- Friedrich Nietzsche
- Montesquieu
- Voltaire
- Thomas Jefferson
- Indian & World Leaders
- Benjamin Franklin
- Martin Luther King
- Dalai Lama
- Nelson Mandela
- Mahatma Gandhi
- Siddhartha Gautama
- Aung San Suu Kyi
- Swami Vivekananda
- Albert Einstein
- Abraham Lincoln
- Mother Teresa
- J L Nehru
- Lee Kuan Yew
- Henry Ford
- Abdul Kalam
- Muhammad Yunus
- Wangari Maathai
- Kofi Annan
- Lech Walesa
- Desmond Tutu
- Isaac Newton
- Elie Wiesel
- King Ashoka
- Sun Yat Sen
EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
- Concept of Emotional Intelligence Models of emotional intelligence
- Peter Salovey and John Mayer
- Reuven Bar-on Model
- Goleman’s model
- Utilities of Emotional Intelligence
- Main Components of emotional intelligence
- Importance of emotional intelligence in bureaucracy
- Relevance of Emotional intelligence in Civil Services
- Critiques of emotional intelligence
ATTITUDE
- Components of Attitude: Affective, Cognitive, Behavioral component
- Functions of Attitude: Adjustive, Ego-Defensive, Value-Expressive , Knowledge Function
- Attitude Formation Model
- Impact of Beliefs and Values on Attitude
- Group Influences
- Social Influence
- Persuasion Tactics and Tools of Persuasion
- Moral Attitude formation
- Political Attitude formation
ETHICS & GOVERNANCE
- Values & Ethics in Public Administration
- Ethical Concerns in Public Institution
- Ethical Concerns in Private Institutions
- Ethical Dilemmas in Public and Private Institutions
- Laws, Rules and Regulations as Source of Ethical Guidance
- Accountability and Ethical Governance Strengthening of Ethical and Moral Values in Governance
- Moral Judgments in International Relations Ethical Relation in Funding
- International Relations and concept of Moral Responsibility
- Ethics in working of international organizations
- What is Corporate Governance?
- Models of Corporate Social Responsibility
- Steps taken by World Bank for Good Corporate Governance
- Norms for Corporate Government in India
- Concept of business ethics
PROBITY IN GOVERNANCE
- Concept of Public Service
- Philosophical basis of Governance and Probity
- Information Sharing, Transparency and Right to Information
- Flaws in RTI and recommendations for improvement
- Importance of vigilant citizens
- Information sharing and participation Importance of Code of ethics
- Code of Ethics in Professions
- Code of Conduct for Ministers; for Legislators; for Civil Servants; for Regulators and for the Judiciary
- Components of a Citizen Charter
- Steps in formulation of a Citizen’s Charter … Concept of Work Culture
- The Indian Approach to Work
- Methods of improving Work Culture
- Quality of Service Delivery
- Utilisation of Public Funds
- Problems in Fund Release and Utilization Parliamentary Control on Expenditure
- Corruption in India: extent, dimension, and response
- Corruption as a social evil
- Probity in public life Corrupt practice among civil servants and official misconduct
- Exposing corruption: Civil Society initiatives and role of Whistleblower Act
- Tackling corruption: Role of government and institutions of governance
- Controlling corruption: Various approaches and efficacy
Applied Ethics
EUTHANASIA ISSUE
- Social and Ethical perspective
- Different arguments related to Euthanasia
SURROGACY
- Case studies and Ethical Issues
- Concept of ethical surrogacy
ETHICS & SPORTS
- Importance of sports
- Ethical Issue: Need for sportsmanship, Doping
- Ethical Issue: Discrimination and Sexual Harassment
- Ethical Issue: Sports as a Business
- Measures needed
MEDIA ETHICS
- Role of Media and Ethical Issues faced by Reporters
- Trial by Media and Media Prejudice
- Ethical Dilemma faced by Photo Journalists
- Digital Media Ethics
- Paid News
BUSINESS ETHICS
- Principles of Business Ethics
- Dimensions related to Business Ethics in Organisation
- Business Ethics and Corporate Governance
- Journey from Philanthropy to Corporate Social Responsibility
- Issues related to Corporate Social Responsibility
- Issues in implementation of Business Ethics
ETHICS RELATED TO ECONOMIC SANCTIONS
- Why Economic Sanctions placed?
- Ethics in Economic Sanctions
REFUGEES & ETHICS
- Why Migration occurs?
- Case study of Syria
- Dilemmas related to Refugee crisis
- Rohingya Crisis
ETHICAL DILEMMAS OF GLOBALIZATION
- What is Globalization
- Free trade in Globalized world
- Issues with Newly Developed Trade Patterns
- Criticism against global regime
ETHICS OF WAR
- Ethics and War theories
- Evils of war
ENVIRONMENTAL ETHICS
- Linkage between Ethics and Environment
- Theories related to Environmental ethics
- Role of individual and society at large
ETHICAL ISSUES IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
- Issues related to Stem Cell
- Issues related to cloning
- Issues related to designer babies
- Genetic engineering
ANIMAL ETHICS
- Issues of conducting research on animals
- Issue of keeping animals as pets
- Issue of Cruelty against animals
FOOD ADULTERATION AND ETHICS
- Ethical dimension
- Ethical issue related to food additive
ABORTION: ETHICAL OR UNETHICAL
- Law of abortion in India
- Recent Supreme Court verdict
- Ethical Issue: Health of Women vs. foetus
- Justification for abortion – Argument against abortion
- Abortion and women rights
- Abortion and father rights
- Honour Killing
- Role of khap Panchayats
MARITAL RAPE
- Why Marital Rape should not be criminalized?
- Why Marital Rape should be criminalized?
- What are the hurdles?
CHILD LABOUR
- Rights of children
- Child labour and company
- Role of consumer
ETHICAL ISSUES INVOLVED IN JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM
- Negative implications
- Ethics and Old Age
- Ethical issues
- Issues faced
- Importance of autonomy
Internal Security Challenges in India
UPSC SYLLABUS
- Science and Technology- developments and Linkages between development and spread of extremism.
- Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security.
- Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges, basics of cyber security; money-laundering and its prevention.
- Security challenges and their management in border areas; linkages of organized crime with terrorism. Various Security forces and agencies and their mandate.
INTERNAL SECURITY CHALLENGES
- Social Diversity as Issues of Security Threat
- Challenges from within India
- Neighbors as Issue of Security Threat
- Pakistan
- China
- Myanmar
- Bangladesh
- Bhutan
- Nepal
- Sri Lanka
- Non-State Actors as Issue of Security Threat
- Global Indices and Measurement of
Vulnerability of a State towards such Non-State Actors - Law and Order vs. Internal Security
TERRORISM THREAT TO INDIA
- Changing face of Terrorism
- Terror Threats Faced by India
- Broader Framework to Deal with Terrorism
ORGANIZED CRIME
- Types of Organized Crime
- Problems in controlling organized crimes
- Combating organized crimes
- Linkage of Terrorism and Organized Crime in India
LINKAGE BETWEEN DEVELOPMENT AND SPREAD OF EXTREMISM
- What is Naxalism
- What is the History of Naxal Movement
- Why naxalism is a biggest threat to internal security?
INSURGENCY IN NORTH-EAST
- Introduction
- Issues & Conflicts
- Assam Insurgency
SECURITY CHALLENGES IN BORDER AREAS
- Challenges to Border Management
- Issues Faced in Border Management
- Community Participation for Border Management
BASICS OF CYBER SECURITY
- Basic Definition
- Types of Cyber Crimes
- Impact and Steps needed
- Recent Incident: Ransomware
- National Cyber Security Policy of India 2013
CYBER WARFARE
- Factors Contributing/Aggravating Rise of Cyber Attack
- Recent Initiatives for Tackling Cyber Warfare
- Way Ahead
- Chinas role in cyber warfare
- Different spywares
SOCIAL MEDIA AND INTERNAL SECURITY THREAT
- Regulation of Social Media in India for Internal Security
- Challenges in Monitoring Social Media
MONEY LAUNDERING
- Meaning of Money Laundering
- Harmful Effects of Money Laundering
- Steps taken by the Government
BLACK MONEY IN INDIA
- Parallel Economy in India
- Measures taken to curb Black Money?
- Demonetization for curbing black money
- Impact of demonetization on black money
- Criticisms
SECURITY FORCES AND THEIR MANDATE
- Police Reforms in India
- Organizational Structure
- Duties and Responsibilities of the Police
- Centre’s Role in Policing
- Traditional Security Challenges
- Non-Traditional Security Challenges (NTS)
- Recommendations for Police Reforms
- Police we Want in 21stCentury
- Prison Reforms
VARIOUS SECURITY FORCES AND THEIR MANDATE
- Assam Rifles
- Border Security Force (BSF)
- Indo-Tibetan Border Police
- Central Industrial Security Force (CISF)
- Central Reserve Police Force
- National Security Guard
- Issues with Paramilitary Forces
ROLE OF ARMY IN INTERNAL SECURITY
- Strategic Perspective: Has role of Military become more relevant today?
- National Context
- The Indian Army’s Response
- Structural Adaptation
- Doctrinal Development
- Leadership Adaptation
- Long-term Perspective
GOVERNANCE ISSUES RELATED TO INTERNAL SECURITY
- Threats, Challenges and Vulnerabilities in 21stCentury
- Introduction
- China: The Long-term Challenge
- Managing the China-Pakistan Collusion
- Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Threat
- Aerospace Threats
- Maritime Security
- Natural Resources
- Conflict over Water
- Energy Security
- Global Warming
- Indian Diaspora
- Economic Warfare
- Role of foreign elements in disturbing internal security
IMPACT OF GOVERNANCE AND JUSTICE DELIVERY SYSTEM ON INTERNAL SECURITY
- Importance of Good Governance in Internal Security
- Reforms Needed
- Improving E-governance platforms
NATIONAL SECURITY MECHANISM
- Improving Policing and Intelligence
- Resolving Centre-State Issues in Managing Internal Security
ISSUES IN INTELLIGENCE SERVICES
- Response Mechanism in India
- What are the Major INTELLIGENCE Challenges?
- Steps to tackle the flaws
- What are the probable measures to improve Intelligence Services in India?
- How to Create these Capabilities?
- Recent terrorist attacks an role of intelligence in that context
STRATEGY FOR COASTAL AND OFFSHORE SECURITY
- Different Facets of Maritime Security
- Different Reporting Mechanism for Handling Security
- Importance of Coastal Community Participation
MAKE IN INDIA IN DEFENCE
- Present Scenario
- Make in India in Defense
- Government Policy
- Strategy for Indigenization
- Skill Development
- Technology acquisition
Contemporary Issues
MILITARY RELATED POLICIES IN INDIA
- Joint Doctrine Indian Armed Forces – 2017
- Doctrine of Hot Pursuit
- Military Cold Start Doctrine
- India’s Military Readiness
- Women into Military Police
- Anti-Hijacking Act, 2016: An Analysis
DEFENSE PROCUREMENT
- Working Analysis of Defence PSU
- DRDO (Defence Research & Development Organization)
- Make in India in Defense
- CAG Report on Ammunitions Management System
- Strategic Partnership Policy to Boost Defense Manufacturing
- China increasing Defence Budget and India’s decreasing (implications)
ISSUES RELATED TO SECURITY FORCES
- Central Armed Police Forces
- I Indian Police Structure
- Police Modernization Scheme
- Police Reform with Respect to Cyber Security
- Police Surveillance in Age of Big Data
- Andaman Sea Region: India Eyes for Military Expansion
- Role of Indian Navy in Indian Ocean
- Draft Amendments to National Investigation Agency Act-2008 Released
- One Rank One Pension
- Non Lethal Weapons to Control Crowd and Laws Related to it
- V.S.N. Prasad Report on alternatives to Pellet Guns
ISSUES RELATED TO INTERNAL SECURITY
- Strategy for Managing Internal Security
- Counter-terrorism Infrastructure in India
- ISIS Challenge in India
- Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism
- Naxalism
- Peace Accord
- Organized Crime
- Media and Internal Security Threat
- Does Social Media Threaten Democracy?
International Relations
UPSC SYLLABUS
- India and its neighborhood- relations.
- Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests
- Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests,
- Indian diaspora
- Important International institutions, agencies and fora, their structure, mandate
INDIA’S FOREIGN POLICY
- Evolution and Challenges
- Evolution of India’s foreign policy (Including NAM, Look East and Gujral Doctrine)
- Determinants and challenges of India’s Foreign Policy
- Recent Policies
- Neighborhood first policy
- Act east policy
- Link west policy
- Indian ocean outreach
- Soft Power and Hard Power diplomacy
- Defence and Nuclear Diplomacy
- Space diplomacy
- Para diplomacy-A New Way for Indian Foreign Policy?
- Middle Power Coalition
- Significance of PMO in foreign policy making
- India’s Strategic Connect with the World
- Rise of Realpolitik in India’s Foreign Policy in recent times
- Indian Diaspora
INDIA AND ITS NEIGHBOURS
- India-China
- Border dispute
- China’s string of pearls
- China’s Belt and Road Initiative: Prospects and Pitfalls
- Maritime Silk Road” linking the Indian and Pacific Oceans
- Why India is alarmed regarding BRI?
- India’s trade deficit with China
- China’s Malacca Dilemma
- 2+1 Dialogue mechanism proposed by China
- A rising China: Challenges the US primacy in Asia and role of India
- Chinese project of diverting Tibetan waters
- South China Sea: objection of China to India’s presence
- China denies CPEC backing as ‘debt trap’ for Pakistan (Debt trap diplomacy of China)
- The Unintended Consequences of India’s Policy on Citizenship for Tibetan Refugees
- Indias Concern in Joining RCEP
- China’s Economic Slowdown
- India-Pakistan
- Indo-Pak Relations : Border Dispute and J&K issue
- Terrorism emanating from Pakistan
- Indus waters policy shift
- Dispute over Gilgit-Baltistan
- CPEC in PoK
- Nuclear India-Pak-US
- Indian stance regarding Baluchistan
- India Bhutan
- Bhutan’s significance for Indian Foreign policy
- India-Bhutan Friendship Treaty
- Objection of Bhutan to India’s Motor vehicle agreement
- Bhutan’s rejection of China’s BRI
- India-Nepal
- Indo-Nepal Relations : Fluctuating ties
- Nepal’s tilt towards China
- Nepal-China Transit Agreement: An Evaluation
- India’s concern about Nepal’s new Constitution
- The Issue of Water and Hydropower Cooperation
- Nepal Bharat Maitri Project
- India-Myanmar
- Democracy in Myanmar
- Scope for cooperation between N-E India & Myanmar
- Rohingya issue
- Buddhist Chauvinism
- Major Projects: Kaladan multi-modal corridor, India-Myanmar- Thailand trilateral highway
- India-Bangladesh
- Indo-Bangladesh Relations
- Water Dispute Teesta water issue & Ganga river dispute
- Bangladesh demand to stop the construction of the Tipaimukh Hydro- Electric Power Project on the Barak River
- Differences in approach of India and China towards Bangladesh
- Illegal Immigration
- Understanding Bangladesh’s Unexpected Development Success
- India-Afghanistan
- Instability in Afghanistan and role of India
- India’s cooperation in Afghanistan
- Moscow Format
- India-Maldives
- Geostrategic Importance of Maldives
- Recent developments in Maldives exemplifying recalibration of ties
- FTA Between China and Maldives – Warning For India
- India-Srilanka
- Sino-Sri Lanka Relationship
- Fishermen issue
- Issues on 13thamendment (Tamil & Minority Rights)
- Human Right violations & OHCHR Resolution on Sri Lanka
- Indian Ocean Region
- Indian Ocean region and world affairs
- India is a “Net Security Provider” of the Indian Ocean
- Increasing Chinese influence in the Indian Ocean
- 20 years of formation of IORA
- Piracy in the Indian Ocean
- Seychelles’ parliament refusal to ratify an Indian naval base plan on the Assumption Island
- Importance of Seychelles to India
- Indo-Pacific
- Concept of Indo-Pacific from perspectives different countries
- East Asia Summit acts as a bridge for Indo-Pacific region
- India-Pacific Regional Dialogue
- SAARC/BIMSTEC/BBIN
- SAARC: Challenges and Prospects
- Intra-low regional trade
- BIMSTEC as an alternative to SAARC
- Nepal withdrew from first ever BIMSTEC’s military drill in India.
- Progress of BBIN project
- Global Issues
- Disarmament
- Climate Change
- Terrorism
- Global Governance
- Indian Diaspora
INDIA AND EXTENDED NEIGHBOURHOOD
- India-Indonesia
- Indonesia’s vision as a “Global Maritime Axis.” and it’s significance for India
- India-Singapore
- India-Singapore Bilateral Agreement for naval cooperation
- Thailand
- Indo-Thai relations: Challenges & opportunities
- India-Vietnam
- India -Vietnam’s strategic cooperation
- India-ASEAN
- Importance of ASEAN in establishing peace and stability in region
- ASEAN-India Relations: Prospects and Challenges in Economic Partnership
- India’s cooperation with the ASEAN has been less than China and Japan
CENTRAL ASIA
- Connect Central Asia Policy
- Importance of central Asia
- Golden Crescent
- Connectivity Projects (INSTC, Ashgabat Agreement, TAPI Pipeline)
- India Mongolia
- India-Mongolia Bilateral Cooperation
- Mongolia launched construction of first strategically oil refinery, constructed by India
WEST ASIA/MIDDLE EAST
- Importance of West Asia for India
- Change in West Asian strategic thinking
- China’s engagement in West Asia and challenges to India
- Reasons behind India’s active strategic engagements with West Asian countries without participating in West Asian turmoil
- Shia-Sunni wedge in West Asian countries
- Importance of Saudi Arabia, Challenges in India-Saudi Arabia Relations
- Plight on Indian migrant workers.
- Relations between India and United Arab Emirates
- Middle East to India Deep water Pipeline (MEIDP)
- India-Iran
- Consolidating India-Iran Cooperation
- Connectivity- Importance of Chabahar port
- Iran nuclear deal: Iran Sanctions & India’s Options
- India Israel:
- From ‘in the closet’ into a fast-developing open relationship
- strategic significance of the Indo-Israeli relationship
- De-hyphenation of Israel and Palestine
INDIA AND WORLD
- India-Africa
- India-Africa Trade relations: Prospects
- Contribution of Indian Diaspora in various fields in Africa.
- African co-operation in ensuring security and peace in Indian Ocean region
- India’s Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in Africa’s hydrocarbon sector.
- Strategic Partnership between India and South Africa
- India-Europe
- The first India-Nordic Summit
- What is GDPR? its implication for India
- influx of refugees into Europe
- irritants between India-EU (FTA)
- A new European Union strategy for India
- Ukrainian Crisis’ has lead to resurgence of cold war
- Brief on India-UK relations
- Brief on India-France relations
- India and USA
- Brief of India-US relations
- Mutually supportive Defence cooperation relationship
- logjams in implementation of civil nuclear cooperation agreement between India and the USA
- Bilateral Social Security Agreements
- The rise of protectionist regime in USA and the challenges for the Indian
- Importance of New Security strategy (NSS) of USA for India
- Recent US extraterritorial Sanctions and their potential impacts on India
- Potential impact of US sanctions towards Russia, Iran and North Korea using CAATSA on US-India relation,
- USA pulls out of INF treaty-Its implication for India
- Pivot to the East policy of the USA
- The Arithmetic of India-U.S. Relations and the Russian Factor
- The First India-US 2+2 Dialogue: An Assessment
- Challenges in Implementing JCPOA after the US Withdrawal
- LEMA-Logistics Exchange Memorandum of Agreement
- Visa, Free Trade and WTO
- India-Canada
- Uranium Deal
- India-Russia
- India’s increasing defence deal with USA, Israel
- Russian arms deal with Pakistan
- Stagnation between India-Russia Relations
- Russian proposal of ‘Eurasian Economic Union
- India-Japan
- Japan’s funding of major projects in India
- Nuclear Pact
- Japan’s Pacifism
- 13th annual India – Japan summit
- India-Australia
- Australia’s “An India Economic Strategy to 2035”, a vision document
- Nuclear cooperation between India- Australia
INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATON AND GLOBAL ISSUES
- United Nation and UNSC
- UNSC Reforms : Importance and Challenges
- BRICS
- Advantages of setting up the New Development Bank
- Prospects and Challenges of BRICS
- Commonwealth
- Shared history of Commonwealth
- Relevance in current time and Areas of Cooperation
- Shanghai Cooperation Organization
- Benefits and challenges of India’s entry in SCO
- IMF – The International Monetary Fund:
- issues concerning the reforms in Bretton Wood twins and needs structural reforms to reflect post globalization realities of the world
- NATO – The North Atlantic Treaty Organization:
- Relevance of NATO in post USSR era
- TPP – The Trans-Pacific Partnership:
- Will RCEP prove to be a competitor of TPP in the Asia-Pacific region
- WTO – The World Trade Organization:
- Doha round and Singapore Agenda: Challenges in implementation
- USA-India dispute
- Need to revamp WTO
- Arctic Council:
- Arctic is attracting global interest
- IAEA
- India’s nuclear facilities under IAEA safeguards
- UK Referendum – Brexit
- Consequences of Brexit for United Kingdom and European Union,
- Effect of Brexit on China and India
- Refugee problem:
- Does the world need a new UN convention on refugees
- United Nations member states (except the U.S. and Hungary) agreed on a Global Compact for Migration to better manage international migration
- Terrorism:
- Reasons of rise of far right wing politics in many developed and developing countries
- The Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism (CCIT)
- UNSC’s 1267 Al Qaeda Sanctions
Committee on Jaish-e-Mohammad Chief Masood Azhar - Security Council Resolution 2322 to enhance the efficacy of international legal and judicial systems
- Lone-wolf attacks.
- Yemen Crisis-
- Yemen Crisis: Reasons and impacts
- South China Sea
- Contention over South China Sea and South China Sea Ruling
- Senkaku and Diaoyu conflict between China and Japan
- Role of India in the wake of increasing South China Sea dispute
- Other
- World coming towards a new multi-polar order with USA as a waning superpower and China-Russia axis as an emerging challenger
- India and the International Solar Alliance
- Venezuela-Columbia Border Issue
- AIIB & The Changing World Order
- Multilateral export control regimes : Significance and challenges of India’s Entry
- US-Venezuela Stand-off : Impact on Global Oil Prices
- Renaissance and Reticence in India’s North-South Connectivity Platform
- Strategic Petroleum Reserves: Stocking Oil for Rainy Days
- QUAD: Strategic and economic benefits
- India has been accorded associate member status by IEA,: Its importance for India
- Why RIC is as important to India as JAI and BRICS?
- Rising Protectionism and Currency Wars
- Indian Diaspora
- Role played by Indian Diaspora
- Issue of safety of Indians abroad
- Schemes for Welfare of Overseas Indian
- Indian Diaspora in Gulf
- Nitaqat law and Present Status
Contemporary Issues
FOREIGN POLICY OF INDIA
- Foreign Policy of India
- Virtue of Soft Power
- Middle Power Coalition
- Terrorism
- Appendix: Global Terrorism Index 2017
- Diplomacy of Buddhism
- Indian Navy at the Front Seat of Indian Foreign Policy
- Indian Diaspora
- Indian Diaspora in Gulf
NEIGHBOURS
- India’s Neighbourhood Policy
- China
- South China Sea ruling
- Water Diplomacy through Dams
- Chumbhi Valley and Doklam Plateau
- Why China is Winning over India’s Neighbors?
- India, China ink first-ever Internal Security Cooperation Agreement
- Nepal
- Rebooting India Nepal Ties
- Nepal Withdrew From First Ever BIMSTEC’s military drill in India
- Pakistan
- Shift Indus Waters Treaty Policy
- Afghanistan
- Heart of Asia Conference
- Sri Lanka
- Bangladesh
- Myanmar
- Maldives
- FTA between China and Maldives – Warning for India
- Bhutan
BILATERAL RELATIONS
- Act East Policy
- Australia
- Indonesia
- Singapore
- South Korea
- Thailand
- Vietnam
- Philippines
- Iran
- Saudi Arabia
- U AE
- Slowdown in West Asia
- Return of Retrenched Workers
- Race for Resources in Central Asia
- Kazakshtan
- Mongolia
- Island Nations
- Africa
- Nigeria
GLOBAL POWERS
- USA
- A new European Union strategy for India
- Germany
- Japan
- Appendix: Asia-Africa Growth Corridor (AAGC)
- France
- Russia
- Decline in Indo-Russia Relations
- Why RIC is as important to India as JAI and BRICS?
- UK
- Brazil
- Israel
- India’s De-hyphenated Policy
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS & AGREEMENT
- IMF
- World Bank
- WTO
- G-20
- ASEAN
- BIMSTEC
- Indian Ocean region and world affairs
- BRICS
- Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
- Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP)
- Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership and India
- Multilateral Negotiations for a Nuclear Weapons Ban
- Wassenaar Arrangement and India
- India Admitted to Australia Group
- IAEA
- Nuclear Security Summit
- Non-Alignment Movement (NAM)
- UNSC Reform
GLOBAL ISSUES
- International Terrorism
- Migration Crisis in Europe
- Rising Protectionism and Currency Wars
- Greek Debt Crisis
- Iran Nuclear Deal
- US Sanctions on Iran
- Global Initiative Launched to Fight Fake News
- What does US Recognition of Jerusalem Means?
- YEMEN WAR and Implications
- Why Saudi Arabia is Moving Towards Reforms?
- Rohingya Repatriation Deal Signed